Required Practicals- Biology Flashcards
Microscopy onion slide-
Add a drop of _______ to the middle of a ____
Cut up a _____ and separate it into ____ use ______ to peel of some ________ tissue from the bottom of one layer.
Add a drop of ________ solution, is will _____ it. Place a ______ slip on the specimen.
Water Slide Onion Layers Tweezers Epidermal Iodine Stain Cover
Microscopy slide 2-
Clip the ____ on to the _____. Select the ________ powered objective lens. Use the ________ ________ knob to move the stage up. Look down to the _________ . Adjust the focus with the fine __________ knob. Draw your _______ neatly with a pencil.
Slide Stage Lowest Coarse adjustment Eyepiece Fine Adjustment Observations
P1 Culturing microorganisms- bacteria is grown in a _______ ______ which contains _______,_______,__________,_________. The culture medium used can be a ________ ________ solution or solid _______ ___. Bacteria grown on _______ ____ will form visible _____on the ________ of the jelly. To make an agar plate , ______ agar _____ is poured into _____ round plastic dishes called _________ ______.. When the jelly is cooled , _______ loops will be used to transfer _____________ to the culture medium. The microorganisms then ______.. In the lab at school,they’re kept at ______ because harmful ______ are more likely to grow ______ this temp . In labs they’re incubated at higher temp so they can _______ ______.
Culture medium Carbs minerals proteins vitamins Nutrient broth solution Agar jelly Agar plates Colonies Surface Hot Shallow Petra dishes Inculcating Microorganism 25c Pathogens Above Higher temp Grow Faster
P2-culturing microorganisms- place _______ ____ soaked in different types of ________ on the _______ plate that has an even covering of _________. Leave spaces between the _____. The antibiotic should _____ into the agar jelly. Antibiotic resistant bacteria will continue to _____ on the _____ around the paper disks. But ______-_______ strains will die. A clear area will be left where the bacteria had _____. This is called __________-______. Leave the plate for _____ hrs at ____.
Paper disks Antibiotics Agar plate Bacteria Discs Diffuse Grow Agar Non resistant Died Inhibition zone 48 25
P3-culturing microorganisms
- __________ by unwanted microorganism will affect your results. The ______-______ and _____________ should be sterilised before us to kill any unwanted ___________. The _________-_____ should be sterilised by passing it through a ________.
Contamination Petri dishes Culture medium Microorganisms Inculcating loop Flame
P1-osmosis- cut up a _______ into _______ and get some beakers with different ______ solutions. On should be ________-_______ and another should be a __________ sugar solution. Measure the _____ of the cylinders then leave it in each beaker for ____hrs. Then take them out and _____ them with a ________ towel and measure their _______ again. If the cylinders have drawn in water they will ________ in mass if not they will ____.
Potato Cylinders Sugar Pure water Concentrated Mass 24 Dry Paper Masses Increased Decreased
P1- investigating enzyme activity- the enzyme _______ catalysed the breakdown of starch to __________.its easy to detect starch using ________. If starch is present the iodine solution will change from browny orange to _______\______ . Put a drop of ____________ into every well of a ________-_______. Place a ___________ on a heat proof mat and a _______ and ______ over it. Put a beaker of _______ on top of the ______ and heat it until it _____c. Try to keep the temp _________. Use a ______ to add _____cm of _______ _______. And 1cm of _______-______ with a ph of _ to a boiling tube. Using test tube _____ put the tube into the beaker of ______ and wait for _m.
Amylase solution Maltose Iodine solution Blue-black. Iodine solution Spotting tile Bunsen burner Tripod Gauze Water Tripod 35 Constant Syringe 1cm Amylase solution Buffer solution 5 Holders 5
P2-ezymatic reactions- next use a different ____ to add _cm of _____ _______ to the boiling tube. Immediatly ____ the contents of the boiling tube and start a _____-_____. Record how long it take for the _____ to ______ down all of the _____. To do this use a dropping _______ to take a fresh sample from the tube every _____s and put a drop into the _____. When the iodine solution remains _______-______ starch is no longer present. Repeat it with different ____ values to see how ph affects the time for _____ to be broken down.
Syringe 5 Starch Mix the contents Stop watch Amylase Break Starch Pipette 30 Well Browny orange.
Prepare a food sample- get a piece of food and ______ it up using a ______ and _______. Transfer the food to a ______ and add some ________ water. Give the mixture a stir with a _____-___ to dissolve the food. _____ the solution using filter paper.
Break Pestle Mortar Beaker Distilled Glass rod Filter.
Benedict solution-
Two types of sugars are ____-______ and ______. You can test for reducing sugars using _________-solution. Prepare a food sample and transfer ____cm to a test tube. Prepare a ______ bath so it’s set to ____c.add some _____ solution to the test tube using a ______. Place the test tube into the ________-_____ using a ________-______. And leave it there for _m. If the test tube changes from blue to _______,_______,_____ it contains reducing sugars.
Non reducing Reducing Reducing Benedicts 5 Water bath 75 Benedicts Pippette Water bath Holder 5 Green,yellow,red
Iodine solution- make a food sample and transfer _cm to the _____ _____. Then add a few drops of ___________ and gently _____ the tube to ____ the contents. Is the sample contains starch it will go from browny orange to ______ or _______.
5 Tube Iodine solution Shake Mix Black Blue-black
Buriet test- prepare a food sample and transfer _cm to a _____ _____. Add 2cm of _______ solution to the tube and mix it by _______ it. If it contains protein it will change from blue to ______ or ______.
2 Test tube Buiret solution Shake Pink Purple
Sudan test- prepare a food sample but don’t _______ it. And transfer _ cm to the test tube. Use a ______ to add _ drops of ____ solution the the tube and _______ it.if it contains lipids the mixture will separate into 2 ______ and the top layer will be ________-_____.
Filter 5 3 Sudan solution Shake Layers Bright red
