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triple sciene > Physics Topic 2 > Flashcards

Physics Topic 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Switch

A

Used to turn a circuit on off

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2
Q

Lamp

A

Electrical current heats the filament in a bulb so it gives out light

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3
Q

Fixed resistor

A

A resistor restricts or limits the flow of electrical currents it has a resistance that doesn’t change

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4
Q

Variable resistor

A

Changes the resitance

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5
Q

Thermistor

A

The resistance if this depends on the temp at low temp the thermistor had a high resistance as the temp increases the resistance decreases

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6
Q

Let

A

The resistance of the lot depends on light at low light levels it has a high resistance

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7
Q

Diode

A

Allows current to flow in one direction

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8
Q

Voltmeter

A

Something measuring the electrical potential

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9
Q

Ammeter

A

Measuring electrical current

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10
Q

If the current constantly changes direction its called

A

Alternating current

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11
Q

If he current flow in one direction its called

A

Direct current

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12
Q

Series currents are useful if

A

You want a warning that one of the components have failed

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13
Q

Electricity is a useful form of

A

Energy

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14
Q

Current is measures in

A

Amperes

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15
Q

Electrical Potential difference also means

A

Charge

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16
Q

What are the units of power

A

Watts

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17
Q

Units of voltage and potential difference

A

VoLTE

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18
Q

Which type of circuit is currentconserved

A

Parallel

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19
Q

In a series circuit the current across each component is

A

Same

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20
Q

In a parallel circuit the current is

A

Shared between each component connected in parallel

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21
Q

The voltage in a parallel circuit depends on

A

The battery

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22
Q

If one component breakes and all the others break too how are they connected

A

In series

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23
Q

What type of current flows from batteries

A

AC

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24
Q

What does aC stand for

A

Alternating current

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25
Q

DC stands for

A

Direct current

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26
Q

What is direct current

A

When the current flows in only one direction

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27
Q

Electrical current is the rate of

A

Electric charge

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28
Q

No current can flow if

A

The circuit is broken

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29
Q

An electric current flows when

A

Electrons move through a conducter

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30
Q

A potential difference is

A

The driving force that punches the charge around

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31
Q

The current flowing through a component is measure using an

A

Ammeter

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32
Q

The ammeter must be connected in

A

Series

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33
Q

The resistance in a wire increases as

A

The length of wire increases and thickness

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34
Q

Voltage=

A

Current x resistance

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35
Q

Voltage can only be measured in

A

Parallel

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36
Q

What causes resistance

A

Electrons colliding with ions in the conducter

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37
Q

What’s ohms law

A

V =current x resistance

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38
Q

Charge flow=

A

Current x time

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39
Q

Copper wires are

A

Good conducter

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40
Q

Plastic wires

A

Good insulated

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41
Q

Potential difference is

A

A measure of how much energy is transferred between 2 points in s circuit

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42
Q

Potential difference =

A

Current x resistance

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43
Q

Electrical charge will only flow round a complete circuit if

A

There’s a source of potential difference

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44
Q

The current flowing through a component depends on

A

The potential difference across it and the resistance

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45
Q

The greater the resistance across a component the

A

Smaller the current that flows

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46
Q

Total charge through a circuit depends on

A

Current and time

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47
Q

The size of the current is the

A

Rate of flow of charge

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48
Q

More charge passes Through a circuit when

A

A larger current flows

49
Q

The ammeter must always be place in

A

Series with whatever your investigating

50
Q

The voltmeter must be place in

A

Parallel

51
Q

Ohmic conductors have a

A

Constant resistance

52
Q

At a constant temp the current flowing through an ohmic conductor is

A

Directly proportional to the potential difference accross it

53
Q

The resistance of some resistors for eg diode does

A

Change

54
Q

What is IV characteristic

A

A graph which shows how the current flowing through a component changes as the potential difference across it increases

55
Q

Fixed resistor Has an IV characteristics that’s a

A

Straight line

56
Q

A filament lamp or diode have ________ IV characteristics

A

Curved

57
Q

Ldr is a resistor that is ________ on the _________ of ______

A

Dependant
Intensity
Light

58
Q

Sensing circuits are used to

A

Turn on our increase the power to components depending on conditions they are in

59
Q

Series circuits
vt=
It=
Rt=

A

V= v1+v2
It=I1=i2
Rt= r1+r2

60
Q

Parallel circuits
Vt=
It=
Rt=

A

Vt=v1=v2
It=i1+i2
rt= r1+r2

61
Q

What is the blue wire

A

Neutral

62
Q

What is the Brown wire

A

Live

63
Q

What Is the green/yellowy wire

A

Earth wire

64
Q

What is the job of neutral wire

A

It completes the circuit and caries away current

65
Q

Job of live wire

A

Provides the alternating potential difference

66
Q

Job of earth wire

A

It doesn’t carry current and it stood the appliance casing from becoming live

67
Q

Mains supply is

A

Ac

68
Q

Battery supply is

A

Dc

69
Q

The frequency of the ac mains is

A

50Hz

70
Q

Cells and batteries supply

A

Direct current

71
Q

What is current

A

The flow of electrons

72
Q

What is charge

A

Value of electricity flowing through a circuit

73
Q

Charge is measure in

A

Couloumbs

74
Q

Current is measured in

A

Amperes

75
Q

Graph for resistor is

A

Directly proportional

76
Q

Filament lamp graph looks like

A

A curve

77
Q

Diode graphs look like

A

Straight at first then goes up

78
Q

Why is thermistor used in central heating

A

To only let current flow in certain temp

79
Q

In series the current is

A

The same

80
Q

In parallel the current is

A

Split

81
Q

I’m series the pd is

A

Split

82
Q

In parallel the pd is

A

The same

83
Q

In series the resistance is

A

All added

84
Q

In parallel the resistance is l

A

Lower than the lowest resistance

85
Q

Energy transferred=

A

Charge flow x pd

86
Q

Power2=

A

Pd x current

87
Q

Job of live wire

A

Carry the pd from the live supply

88
Q

Job of neutral wire

A

Completes circuit

89
Q

Job of earth wire

A

Doesn’t let the appliance become live

90
Q

Power =

A

V x I

91
Q

Energy transferred=

A

Charge flow x pad

92
Q

P=

A

I2 x R

93
Q

National grid is a big system of

A

Cables
Transformers
Power stations
Consumers

94
Q

Ng uses a

A

High pd low current

95
Q

What is problem w high current on NG

A

Loses loads of energy wire heats up

96
Q

NG transfers

A

Electrical power from power stations to anywhere on Grid

97
Q

What is cheaper for the NG to do relating to current and volt

A

Boost PD and make current lower

98
Q

Increasing the PD decreases the current which makes it more

A

Efficient

99
Q

PD is changed by

A

Transformers

100
Q

Step up transformer -

A

Steps PD at one end

101
Q

Step down transformer-

A

Steps down PD to make it safe and useable for consumers

102
Q

Energy transferred =

Energy transferred =

A

Charge flow x PD

Power x time

103
Q

Power =
Powe=
Power=

A

PD x current
Current x resistance
Et divide by time

104
Q

Build up of static is caused by

A

Friction

105
Q

How is static electricity caused

A

When two insulating materials together

106
Q

What happens when two materials are rubbed together r

A

Negatively charged electrons will be scraped of one and dumped on the other

107
Q

+ve and -ve are produced by

A

Electrostatic charges

108
Q

Electrostatic charges are produced by

A

Movement of electrons

109
Q

As electric charge builds up the pd between the object and Earth ______

A

Increases

110
Q

How is a spark caused

A

When the PD between the object and Earth increases and gets large enough electrons can jump accross the gap between the object and Earth

111
Q

Like charges _____

Opposite charges ______

A

Reppell

Attract

112
Q

When two electrically charged objects are bough close to each other tndh

A

Except a force to one another

113
Q

Electric charges create a

A

Electric field

114
Q

When a charged object is places in the electric field of another objects it feels a force which is caused by

A

Electric fields of each charged object interacting with each other

115
Q

If you increase the distance between two charged objects the strength of the field _________ and the force between them become s

A

Decreases and the force between them becomes smaller

116
Q

Sparks-‘high PD causes a _ between the ____ and __

The strong electric field causes the …

A

Strong elctrostatic field
Charged object
Earthed objects
Electrons in air particles to be removed, ionisation,

117
Q

Air is normally a insulator but when ionised it is

A

More conductive so current can flow through it which was cause a spark

118
Q

Sparks are caused when

A

There is a high PD between the earth and charged object

triple sciene (15 decks)

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