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triple sciene > Chemistry Topic 10 > Flashcards

Chemistry Topic 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What are ceramics

A

Non metal solids with high melting points that aren’t made from carbon based compounds

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2
Q

What can some ceramic be made of

A

Clay

Glass

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3
Q

What are composites made of

A

One material embedded into another

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4
Q

What are thermosofteninf polymers

A

Contain individual polymer chains entwined together with weak forces between chains. You can melt these plastics and remould them

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5
Q

What are thermosetting polymers

A

Contain monomers that can form cross links between the polymer chains, holding the chains in a solid structure. They don’t soften when they’re heated

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6
Q

What is ceramics used for abs what are the properties

A

Ceramics include glass and clay. They’re insulators, brittle and stiff

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7
Q

What is polymers used for and what are the properties

A

Insulators, can be flexible, easily moulded. Can be used for clothing

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8
Q

What are properties of composites

A

Depend on matrix and reinforcement used to make them so they have many different uses

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9
Q

Properites of metals

A

Malleable, good conductor Of heat and electricity, ductile, shiny and stiff. They have many uses including electrical wires and cutlery

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10
Q

What are alloys

A

Adding another element to a metal

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11
Q

Why are alloys hard

A

Disrupts the structure of the metal makes it harder and the atoms sizes are different

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12
Q

Bronze=

A

Copper + tin

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13
Q

Brass=

A

Copper + zinc

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14
Q

Cold alloys=

A

Gold zinc silver copper

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15
Q

What is corrosion

A

Metals reacting with sum stances in the environment and are gradually destroyed

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16
Q

What happens to iron ONLY

A

It rusts not corrode

17
Q

How can iron rust

A

It needs to in contact with BOTH oxygen and water

18
Q

Why does aluminium objects corrode not destroy completely

A

Aluminium oxide forms when aluminium is exposed to oxygen this forms a protective layer that sticks to the aluminium and forms a barrier

19
Q

How to know if a iron nail has rusted

A

The mass increases

20
Q

What is one way of prevent rusting

A

Coat the iron

21
Q

What can we cost iron with to prevent Rustin t

A

Painting electroplating and piling/greasing

22
Q

How is electrolyte used to prevent rusting

A

Coat iron with different metal that won’t be corroded as it’s unreactive

23
Q

What is a sacrificial method of preventing rusting and how does it work

A

Galvanising as it’s sprayed with zinc which is protective

24
Q

What are finite resource

A

Aren’t formed quickly enough

25
Q

Why can extracting resources be unsustainable

A

Amount of energy wasted and waste produced

26
Q

How is one way of improving copper sustainability

A

Extracting it from low grade ores

27
Q

What is phytonining

A

Growing plants in soil that contains copper. The plants can’t use it so it gradually builds up. The plants are then harvested the ash contains copper which can then be extracted via electrolysis

28
Q

What are life cycle assessments

A

Assessing the total environmental impact

29
Q

What are the stages of life cycle assessments

A

1) getting raw meterials
2) manufacture and packaging
3) using product
4) product disposal

30
Q

What is portable water

A

That’s been treated and safe for human to drink

31
Q

What is pure water

A

Only contains h2o molecules

32
Q

How is portable water produced

A

By filterisation

And sterilisation

33
Q

What process is used for sea water and why

A

Distillation or reverse osmosis these both require a lot of energy

34
Q

Festive sewege treatment

A

1) it is screened to remove large objects 2) then allowed to stand in a settlement tank and undergoes sedimentation 3) effluent removed by biological anaerobic digestion 4) sludge S temived

triple sciene (15 decks)

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