Reproductive systems Flashcards
precocious puberty
early puberty
complete precocious puberty
all characteristic early
secondary Precocious puberty
some chracteristic develop, other dont
isosexual Precocious puberty
characterisitic that develop a re specific to expected gender
heterosexual Precocious puberty
may develop chracteristics of opposit gender
aneuploidy
abnomral amount of chomosomes
nonjisjuntion
chromosome did not speately during meiosis
monosomic
missing a chromosome 45
trisomy
extra chromosome 47
barr bodies
with 2 c chromosomes, one gets deactivated, form a clump in cells
turner syndrome
XO Female, webbed neck, lots of moles, shorter, sterile
klinefelters syndrome
XXY male, sterile
trisomy X
female normal secodnary sex characteristis, strerile, can go undected
Jacobs syndrome
XYY Low IQ, aggressive, father fault
what hormone can determine prgnancy
HCG
androgen insensitivty syndrome
problem with responding to male chromosome, will present femal even with y chromosome
dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation
secondary dysmenorrhea
has specific reason, like endometriosis
amenorrhea
no menstruation
primary amenorrhea
never start menestruation
secondary amenorrhea
menstruations starts than stops, like PCOS
abnormal uterine bleeding
bleeding not associated with normal menstrual cycle
PCOS
polycystic ovarian syndrome
incorrect hormone levels
amenorrhea, excess hair
insulin resistance
decreased sex hormone binding globulin
PMS
physical premenstrual symptoms like abdominal pain
PMDD
premenstrual dysphoric disorder, emotional pshycological symptoms
pelvic inflammatory disease
typically from gonorrhea or chlamydia
usually from salpingitis or oophoritis
salpingitis
inflamed fallopian tubes, can rupture and cause internal bleeding
oophoritis
inflamed ovaries
vaginitis
inflammed vagina
cervicitis
inflamed cervix
common result of pelvic relaxation disorders
stress incontinence
urethrocele
urethre prolapse into vagina
rectocele
rectum prolapse into vagina
enterocele
intestines prolapse into vagina
pessary
treatment for prolapses, a mesh that holds organs in place
follicular cysts
form before egg has been released on ovary
corpus luteum cyst
for after ovulation and egg is released
dermoid cyst
form from tissue of ovaries themselves
ovarian torsion
ovary gets twists and can become ischemic and necrotic
endomettrial polyps
derive on endometrium and don’t slough off with menstruation
more commin in woman with fewer periods
leiomymoas
fibroids on muscle part of uterus
adenomyosis
tissue backs up into myometrium
andometriosis
emotrial tisue get throughout perotoneal cavity. responds to sex hormones
causes very painful menstruation
dyschezia
painful defecation
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
precursor to cervical cancer
what causes cervical cancer
HPV
disorders of disire
libido is diminiched, psychological
vaginismus
spasms that prevent penetration during intercourse
anorgasmia
inability to reach orgasm
dyspareunia
painful intercourse
whose fault is infertility
40% male, 40% female, 20% unknwon
when does a couple get declared infetile
after a year of unprotexted sex
galatorrhea
inappropriate lactation
benign breast disease
fibrocystic accumulation, may be with/without atypia
breast cancer
screen for BRCA 1/2
urethritis
infection of urethra, usually STI/UTI
urethral stricture
narrow urethra
phimosis
foreskin doesnt retract
paraphimosis
foreskin retract sbut doesnt go back to original position
peyronis disease
scar tissue in shaft of penis
priapism
erection that lastslonger than a few hours, can cause blood vessel damage
balanopsthitits
often yeast infection, infection of balon gland
codyloma acuminatum
HPV infection response, warts
variocele
varicose cein in teh scrotum due to dysfunction in valve
hyrdocele
fluid filled sac in scrotum
spermatocele
benign cysts that impede sperm movement
cryptochordism
teted fail to descend from abdomes durng development
testiculr torsion
testes get twisted, puts pressure on nerves and can cut off blood supply
common in bike ridind
orchitis
pain in testes from inflammation
common with mumps
epididymitis
inflammation of epididymis
what population is more at risk for testicular cancer
younger men
where and what - prostate
at the base of the bladder where the urethra passes throgu
produces semen tha mixes with sperm cells
benign prostati hyperplasia
enlargment of prostate with age. lead to outflow obstruction
PSA
prostate specific antigen
bound- attacheed to thing prostate cancer
free- something else wrong with prostate
prostatitis
inflammation of prostate
usually bacterial
prostate cancer
most common type of cnacer of the male reproductive tract
gynecomastia
enlargement of breast tissue in males
can be from aromatase changing testosteron into estrogen
tranduction
activation of nocireceptors
tranmission
to spinal cord/ dorsal horn
sensory/discriminative
instinctive, touch a hot stove and instantly move away
motivational/affective
hold hand, look around for threat
cognitive/evaulative
learn from expereince, forming the memory
modulation
involve excitatory and inhibotry neutransmitters, endoprhins
most pain expirences becuase of prostagliandins
somatic pain
superficial, faster pain
visceral
internal, dull, slower
reffered pain
pain from one source felt in a different place
