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Patho > Hypersensitivity and immunodeficiency (E1) > Flashcards

Hypersensitivity and immunodeficiency (E1) Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

immundeficieny

A

defect in self- defense mechanisms

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3
Q

primary immundeficiency

A

congenital, may involve b or t cells. Also SCIDS

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4
Q

agammaglobulinemia

A

prevents body from producing b-cells

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5
Q

SCIDS

A

severe combined immunodeficiencies

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6
Q

secondary immundeficiencies

A

contracted after birth

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7
Q

types of secondary immunodeficiency (5)

A

nutritional, iatrogenic, trauma, stress, from infectious disease (HIV)

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8
Q

how are secondary immunodeficiens treated

A

IVIg and CPT, stem cell or bone marraw grafts, gene therapy

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9
Q

Hypersensitivity

A

exaggerated resp0onse to injury, or foreign substance

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10
Q

Cutaneous anaphylaxis

A

smaller reaction, only impacts skin

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11
Q

systemic anaphylaxis

A

full body allergic reaction

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12
Q

3 types of hypersensitivity

A

Allergy, autoimmunity, alloimmunity

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13
Q

allergy

A

response to allergens, may form a neoantigen where an antigen combines with tissue and tissue may be damages

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14
Q

autoimmunity

A

immune system targets self, may target self material that closely resembles foreign material

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15
Q

alloimmunity

A

responses to grafted tissue

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16
Q

autograft

A

graft from self, will cause no alloimmune response

17
Q

isograft

A

graft from identical twin, will cause no response

18
Q

allograft

A

from another human, may cause response

19
Q

xenograft

A

from different species, may cause response

20
Q

hyperacute rejection

A

white graft, happens near immediately

21
Q

type I hypersensitivity

A

IgE causes mast cell degranulation with release of histamine. Most fast acting allergies.
Causes Urticaria (hives)

22
Q

Atopic

A

a general predisposition for allergic reaction with type I hypersensitivity

23
Q

how do allergy shots work

A

desenzitize, keep antigens from binding to IgE

24
Q

Type II hypersensitivity

A

antibodies bind to tissue-specific antigens

25
Q

example of type II hypersensitivity

A

with RH factor, a mom being rh - may have a baby that is rh+. Rhogam can be taken to keep antibodies from attacking placenta

26
Q

type III hypersensitivity

A

Ab-Ag complexes, chain of antibodies and antigens binding together. Deposit in tissue and can cause “serum sickness”. Neutrophils try and digest complex which causes leakage

27
Q

examples on type III hypersensitivity

A

Arthus reaction (painful swelling that can happen with vaccine)
raynaud phenomenon (with cryoglobulins, extreme reactions to cold)

28
Q

Type IV hypersensitivity

A

cell-mediated reaction, only with T-cell, no antibodies

29
Q

Example of type IV hypersensitivity

A

graft/tumor rejections
contact dermatitis

Patho (11 decks)

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