reproductive anatomy/physiology Flashcards
venous draininge or gonads
left: left gondal vein –> left renal vein–> IVC
right: right gonal vein –> IVC
lymph of ovaries/testes drain to
para aortic
lymph of distal vagina/vulva/scrotum
superfiscial inginal nodes
lymph of proximal vagina/vulva/scrotum
obturator, external iliac, hypogastric ndes
suspernosy ligament of ovaries contain
ovarian vessels
risk of being injured in oophorectomy
ureter
round ligament comtains
artery of sampson
broad ligament contains
overies, fallopian tubes, round ligaments
complication of hysterectomy
ureter ligation during ligation of uterine vessels
cell type in ovary
simple cubodial epithelium
inhibits FSH in males
inhibin from germ cells
androgen binding hormone task
maintain local levels of testosterone (released by sertoli cells)
has main role in making sperm
sertoli cells
1st type of sperm cells crossing the blood-testis barrier
primary spermocyte (diploid - 2N, 4C)
makes androsteinedione
adrenal glands
role of DHT
early - differentiation of make sex organs
late - prostate growth, balding, sebaceous gland activity
converts testosterone to DHT
5a-reductase (inhibited by finasteride)
key enzyme in conversion of androgens to estrogen
aromatase
makes estrogen
ovary, placenta, adipose
strongest type of estrogen
estradiol
function of estrogen
development of breast and genetalia, female fat distribution, growth of follicles, endomedtrial proliferation,
upregulation of estrogen, LH, progesterone receptors, feedback inhibition of FSH and LH, stumulation of prolactin sectretion
hormone indicator of fetal well-being
huge increase in estriol
source of progesterone
corpus luteum, placenta, adrenal cortex, testes
function of progesterone
stimulation of endometreial glandular secretions and spiral arery development, maintainince of pregnancy, production of cervical mucus plug, inhibition of LH and FSH, uterine smooth muscle relaxation
hormone level increase that shows ovulation
progesterone (tempuratre spike is indicator)
day of cycle with highest LH, FSH and estrogen
day 14
day of highest progesterone, and 2ndary estrogen surge
day 20ish
causes ovulation
estrogen surge stimulates LH releaem causing ovulation
oocyte phase arested until ovulation
meosis I/prophase I (2N, 4C)
oocyte phase arested until fertilization
metaphase II
function of HCG
maintains the corpus luteum, for 1st trimester
hormonal changes in menopause
lowered estrogen, much higher FSH, higher LH and GnRH
