reproductive anatomy/physiology

Question 1

venous draininge or gonads

Answer 1

left: left gondal vein –> left renal vein–> IVC
right: right gonal vein –> IVC

Question 2

lymph of ovaries/testes drain to

Answer 2

para aortic

Question 3

lymph of distal vagina/vulva/scrotum

Answer 3

superfiscial inginal nodes

Question 4

lymph of proximal vagina/vulva/scrotum

Answer 4

obturator, external iliac, hypogastric ndes

Question 5

suspernosy ligament of ovaries contain

Answer 5

ovarian vessels

Question 6

risk of being injured in oophorectomy

Answer 6

ureter

Question 7

round ligament comtains

Answer 7

artery of sampson

Question 8

broad ligament contains

Answer 8

overies, fallopian tubes, round ligaments

Question 9

complication of hysterectomy

Answer 9

ureter ligation during ligation of uterine vessels

Question 10

cell type in ovary

Answer 10

simple cubodial epithelium

Question 11

inhibits FSH in males

Answer 11

inhibin from germ cells

Question 12

androgen binding hormone task

Answer 12

maintain local levels of testosterone (released by sertoli cells)

Question 13

has main role in making sperm

Answer 13

sertoli cells

Question 14

1st type of sperm cells crossing the blood-testis barrier

Answer 14

primary spermocyte (diploid - 2N, 4C)

Question 15

makes androsteinedione

Answer 15

adrenal glands

Question 16

role of DHT

Answer 16

early - differentiation of make sex organs

late - prostate growth, balding, sebaceous gland activity

Question 17

converts testosterone to DHT

Answer 17

5a-reductase (inhibited by finasteride)

Question 18

key enzyme in conversion of androgens to estrogen

Answer 18

aromatase

Question 19

makes estrogen

Answer 19

ovary, placenta, adipose

Question 20

strongest type of estrogen

Answer 20

estradiol

Question 21

function of estrogen

Answer 21

development of breast and genetalia, female fat distribution, growth of follicles, endomedtrial proliferation,

upregulation of estrogen, LH, progesterone receptors, feedback inhibition of FSH and LH, stumulation of prolactin sectretion

Question 22

hormone indicator of fetal well-being

Answer 22

huge increase in estriol

Question 23

source of progesterone

Answer 23

corpus luteum, placenta, adrenal cortex, testes

Question 24

function of progesterone

Answer 24

stimulation of endometreial glandular secretions and spiral arery development, maintainince of pregnancy, production of cervical mucus plug, inhibition of LH and FSH, uterine smooth muscle relaxation

Question 25

hormone level increase that shows ovulation

Answer 25

progesterone (tempuratre spike is indicator)

Question 26

day of cycle with highest LH, FSH and estrogen

Answer 26

day 14

Question 27

day of highest progesterone, and 2ndary estrogen surge

Answer 27

day 20ish

Question 28

causes ovulation

Answer 28

estrogen surge stimulates LH releaem causing ovulation

Question 29

oocyte phase arested until ovulation

Answer 29

meosis I/prophase I (2N, 4C)

Question 30

oocyte phase arested until fertilization

Answer 30

metaphase II

Question 31

function of HCG

Answer 31

maintains the corpus luteum, for 1st trimester

Question 32

hormonal changes in menopause

Answer 32

lowered estrogen, much higher FSH, higher LH and GnRH