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Step 1- System embryology, A and P > heme-onc > Flashcards

heme-onc Flashcards

1
Q

poikilocytosis

A

RBCs of differing shapes

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2
Q

life span of platelets

A

8-10 days

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3
Q

leads to petechiae

A

thrombocytopenia

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4
Q

vWF receptor

A

GpIb on platelets

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5
Q

fibrinogen receptor

A

GpIIb/IIIa on platelets

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6
Q

neutrophils with more than 4 lobes indicate

A

b12/folate decieciency

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7
Q

increase in band cells can indicate

A

increased myeloid production (bacterial infection, CML)

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8
Q

neutrophil granules contain

A

alkaline phosphatase, collagenase, lysozyme, lactoferrin

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9
Q

activates macrophages

A

g-interferon

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10
Q

cell surface marker for macrophages

A

CD-14

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11
Q

bilobate nucleus with lots of granules

A

eosinphils

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12
Q

so many granules you can’t see the nucleus

A

basophils

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13
Q

basophil granules contain

A

heparin, histamine, leukotriene

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14
Q

eosinphil granules contain

A

histamine, arylsulfatase

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15
Q

how mast cells cause allergic reaction

A

binds Fc portion of IgE to membrane. IgE cross-links upon antigen binding, causing degranulation - releasing histamine

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16
Q

prevents mast cell degranulation

A

cromolyn

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17
Q

dendritic cells express

A

MHC-II and c receptor

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18
Q

what B cells do when encountering an antigen

A

differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies and memory cells

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19
Q

cancer of plasma cells

A

multiple myeloma

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20
Q

off center nucleus, clock-face chromatin distribution, abundant RER and golgi

A

plasma cell

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21
Q

universal recipient of RBCs

A

AB

22
Q

universal donor of plasma

A

AB

23
Q

universal donor of RBCs

A

O

24
Q

universal recpient of plasma

A

O

25
Q

tx for mom who gives birth to the oposite Rh- baby (first birth)

A

give Rho(D) immune globulin to mom to prevent immune sensititation to subsequent babies

26
Q

begins extrinsic coag path

A

factor VII

27
Q

activates factor VII

A

thromoplastin

28
Q

VIIa activates

A

X (joins intrinsic coag pathway)

29
Q

begins intrinsic coag pathway

A

XII activated to XIIa by collagen, BM and activated platelets

30
Q

hemophilia A a lack of

A

factor VIII

31
Q

hemophila B a lack of

A

factor IX (christmas disease)

32
Q

effect of bradykinin

A

increase of vasodilation, permeability, and pain

33
Q

turns prothrombin into thrombin

A

Va

34
Q

cleaves fibrinogen into fibrin

A

IIa (thrombin)

35
Q

creates fibrin mesh out of fibrin monomers

A

XIIIa (and Ca++)

36
Q

turns plasminogen into plasmin

A

kallikrein (tPA)

37
Q

actvates bradykinin

A

kallikrein

38
Q

degrades fibrin mesh

A

plasmin

39
Q

Vit K needed to mature

A

II, VII, IX, X, C, S

40
Q

reduces Vit K for use

A

epoxide reductase

41
Q

MOA of warfarin

A

inhibits epoxide reductase

42
Q

carries/protects VIII

A

vWF

43
Q

cleaves and inactivates Va, VIIIa

A

activated protein C

44
Q

activates protein C

A

thrombomudulin from endothelial cells

45
Q

cofactor for activated protein C

A

protein S

46
Q

MOA of heparin

A

activates antithrombin

47
Q

factor V leiden mutation effect

A

produces a factor V resistant to inhibition by activated protein C

48
Q

path of platelet plug formation

A

1) injury - vWF binds to exposed collegen upon endothelial damage
2) adhesion - platlets bind vWF at site of injury –> release ADP (helps platelet adhere to endothelium) and Ca (for coag cascade)
3) activation - > ADP binding to receptor induces GpIIb/IIIa expression at platelet surface
4) fibrinogen binds GpIIb/IIIa receptors and binds links platelets

49
Q

MOA of asprin

A

inhibits cyclooxxygenase preventing TXA2 synth

50
Q

MOA of ticlopidine and clopidogrel

A

inhibit ADP indiced expression of GpIIb/IIIa

51
Q

MOA of abciximab

A

inhibits GpIIb/IIIa directly

Step 1- System embryology, A and P (10 decks)

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