Reproductive 3

Question 1

Benign, idiopathic, generally asymptomatic and resolve spontaneously

AKA functional cysts or unruptured follicles

Answer 1

Ovarian cysts

Question 2

Ovarian follicles enlarge during proliferative stage of cycle and transform into graafian follicles

Answer 2

Ovarian cysts

Question 3

Follicles that have not ruptured may remain filled with follicular fluid and may further enlarge

Answer 3

follicular cysts

Question 4

ovulated follicle transforms into a corpus luteum but does not involute and transform into a fibrotic corpus albicans

Answer 4

Corpus luteum cyst

Question 5

AKA Stein-Leventhal syndrome

• Systemic metabolic endocrine disorder affecting premenopausal women
• Due to excess androgen levels

Answer 5

PCOS

Question 6

Most common endocrine disorder of young to
middle-aged women

Answer 6

PCOS

Question 7

• Unclear etiology, genetic/environmental factors play role
• One of the m/c infertility causes

Answer 7

PCOS

Question 8

Symptoms include hirsutism, male pattern baldness, acne, metabolic syndrome, irregular menstruation

Answer 8

PCOS

Question 9

Treatment:

Oral contraceptives, surgery, manage weight or diabetes

Answer 9

PCOS

Question 10

• Complex group of benign and malignant lesions
• Benign tumours are more common than malignant

Answer 10

Ovarian neoplasms

Question 11

• 2nd most common gynecologic cancer
• Ranked 1st for death caused by gynecologic cancer

Answer 11

Ovarian neoplasms

Question 12

Etiology poorly understood: hormonal, genetic, environmental factors. The more time a woman ovulates, the higher the risk

Answer 12

Ovarian neoplasms

Question 13

Surface epithelial tumor known as jelly belly

Answer 13

Mucinous Cystadenoma - benign

Question 14

• often consist of several cysts lumped together within a common outer capsule
• cavity of these tumours is filled with clear fluid resembling serous fluid

Answer 14

Serous Cystadenoma - benign

Question 15

• Germ cell tumour
• Often called dermoid cysts

Answer 15

Benign Teratoma

Question 16

• wall of the tumour contains other tissues, most often teeth and cartilage
• skin appendages, such as sebaceous and sweat glands, secret sebum and sweat into the cavity

Answer 16

Benign Teratoma

Question 17

Primary malignant tumour: Filled with clear fluid

Ovarian neoplams

Answer 17

Serous cystadenocarcinoma

Question 18

Primary malignant tumour: filled with mucus

Ovarian neoplasms

Answer 18

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

Question 19

Malignant primary tumors: tumour elements are arranged as finger-like processes

ovarian neoplasms

Answer 19

Papillary cystadenocarcinoma

Question 20

accounts for 40% of all ovarian cancer and most common malignant tumors.

Answer 20

Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma

Question 21

• Metastasize from other malignancies
• Metastases involving the ovaries originate most often from carcinomas of the endometrium and breast

Answer 21

Malignant secondary tumors

Question 22

• Severe nausea and uncontrollable vomiting during pregnancy
• Results in dehydration, starvation and ketosis

Answer 22

HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

Question 23

Treatment is with IV fluids, antiemetics, and
temporary suspension of oral intake

Answer 23

HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

Question 24

• distinguished from
  morning sickness by weight loss

Answer 24

HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

Question 25

Dehydration can cause dangerous shifts in the electrolyte levels in the blood, and the blood becomes too acidic

Answer 25

HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

Question 26

Persisting past 18 weeks uncommon, but can cause liver damage, encephalopathy, esophageal rupture

Answer 26

HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

Question 27

bleeding in the retina of the eye (hemorrhagic retinitis) by increased BP from vomiting

Answer 27

HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

Question 28

Occurs as a result of an abnormally functioning placenta or abnormal maternoplacental interaction

Answer 28

Toxemia

Question 29

Two types: preeclampsia and eclampsia, the latter is more severe

Answer 29

Toxemia

Question 30

pregnancy-induced hypertension and proteinuria

Answer 30

Preeclampsia

Question 31

unexplained generalized seizures in patients with preeclampsia

Answer 31

Eclampsia

Question 32

develop between 20 wk gestation and the end of the 1st wk postpartum

Answer 32

Preeclampsia and eclampsia | Toxemia

Question 33

The fetus develops outside the uterus | M/c in fallopian tubes

Answer 33

Ectopic pregnancy

Question 34

Medical emergency – one of the primary causes of maternal death in the world

Answer 34

Ectopic pregnancy

Question 35

# Incidence & risk factors Increasing incidence, increasing maternal age, PID, cigs, endometriosis, STI, IUD

Answer 35

Ectopic pregnancy

Question 36

Noninduced embryonic or fetal death or passage of products of conception before the 20th week of pregnancy.

Answer 36

Miscarriage