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Systemic Pathology > Reproductive 3 > Flashcards

Reproductive 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Benign, idiopathic, generally asymptomatic and resolve spontaneously

AKA functional cysts or unruptured follicles

A

Ovarian cysts

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2
Q

Ovarian follicles enlarge during proliferative stage of cycle and transform into graafian follicles

A

Ovarian cysts

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3
Q

Follicles that have not ruptured may remain filled with follicular fluid and may further enlarge

A

follicular cysts

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4
Q

ovulated follicle transforms into a corpus luteum but does not involute and transform into a fibrotic corpus albicans

A

Corpus luteum cyst

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5
Q

AKA Stein-Leventhal syndrome

  • Systemic metabolic endocrine disorder affecting premenopausal women
  • Due to excess androgen levels
A

PCOS

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6
Q

Most common endocrine disorder of young to
middle-aged women

A

PCOS

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7
Q
  • Unclear etiology, genetic/environmental factors play role
  • One of the m/c infertility causes
A

PCOS

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8
Q

Symptoms include hirsutism, male pattern baldness, acne, metabolic syndrome, irregular menstruation

A

PCOS

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9
Q

Treatment:

Oral contraceptives, surgery, manage weight or diabetes

A

PCOS

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10
Q
  • Complex group of benign and malignant lesions
  • Benign tumours are more common than malignant
A

Ovarian neoplasms

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11
Q
  • 2nd most common gynecologic cancer
  • Ranked 1st for death caused by gynecologic cancer
A

Ovarian neoplasms

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12
Q

Etiology poorly understood: hormonal, genetic, environmental factors. The more time a woman ovulates, the higher the risk

A

Ovarian neoplasms

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13
Q

Surface epithelial tumor known as jelly belly

A

Mucinous Cystadenoma - benign

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14
Q
  • often consist of several cysts lumped together within a common outer capsule
  • cavity of these tumours is filled with clear fluid resembling serous fluid
A

Serous Cystadenoma - benign

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15
Q
  • Germ cell tumour
  • Often called dermoid cysts
A

Benign Teratoma

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16
Q
  • wall of the tumour contains other tissues, most often teeth and cartilage
  • skin appendages, such as sebaceous and sweat glands, secret sebum and sweat into the cavity
A

Benign Teratoma

17
Q

Primary malignant tumour: Filled with clear fluid

Ovarian neoplams

A

Serous cystadenocarcinoma

18
Q

Primary malignant tumour: filled with mucus

Ovarian neoplasms

A

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

19
Q

Malignant primary tumors: tumour elements are arranged as finger-like processes

ovarian neoplasms

A

Papillary cystadenocarcinoma

20
Q

accounts for 40% of all ovarian cancer and most common malignant tumors.

A

Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma

21
Q
  • Metastasize from other malignancies
  • Metastases involving the ovaries originate most often from carcinomas of the endometrium and breast
A

Malignant secondary tumors

22
Q
  • Severe nausea and uncontrollable vomiting during pregnancy
  • Results in dehydration, starvation and ketosis
A

HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

23
Q

Treatment is with IV fluids, antiemetics, and
temporary suspension of oral intake

A

HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

24
Q
  • distinguished from
    morning sickness by weight loss
A

HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

25
Q

Dehydration can cause dangerous shifts in the electrolyte levels in the blood, and the blood becomes
too acidic

A

HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

26
Q

Persisting past 18 weeks uncommon, but can cause liver damage, encephalopathy, esophageal rupture

A

HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

27
Q

bleeding in the retina
of the eye (hemorrhagic retinitis) by increased BP from vomiting

A

HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

28
Q

Occurs as a result of an abnormally functioning placenta or abnormal maternoplacental interaction

A

Toxemia

29
Q

Two types: preeclampsia and eclampsia, the latter is
more severe

A

Toxemia

30
Q

pregnancy-induced
hypertension and proteinuria

A

Preeclampsia

31
Q

unexplained generalized seizures in patients with preeclampsia

A

Eclampsia

32
Q

develop between 20 wk
gestation and the end of the 1st wk postpartum

A

Preeclampsia and eclampsia

Toxemia

33
Q

The fetus develops outside the uterus

M/c in fallopian tubes

A

Ectopic pregnancy

34
Q

Medical emergency – one of the primary causes of maternal
death in the world

A

Ectopic pregnancy

35
Q

Incidence & risk factors

Increasing incidence, increasing maternal age, PID, cigs, endometriosis, STI, IUD

A

Ectopic pregnancy

36
Q

Noninduced embryonic or fetal death or passage of products of conception before the 20th week of
pregnancy.

A

Miscarriage

Systemic Pathology (12 decks)

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