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Systemic Pathology > Reproductive 1 > Flashcards

Reproductive 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Caused by herpes simplex-2

A

Genital herpes

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2
Q

Asymptomatic viral shedding common

A

Genital Herpes

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3
Q

small, painful, fluid-filled ulcers on dick

A

Genital herpes

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4
Q

Small itching and burning lesions, often grouped

A

Genital herpes

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5
Q

No permanent cure, diagnosis is symptomatic

A

Genital Herpes

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6
Q

Use of antiviral drugs to provide relief and decrease asymptomatic shedding

A

Genital Herpes

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7
Q

AKA verrucae, common benign viral infections of the genitals

A

Genital warts

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8
Q

Caused by HPV and usually affect men on end of shaft and below foreskin

A

Genital Warts

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9
Q

Appear 1-6 months after infection and give cauliflower appearance

A

Genital warts

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10
Q

Usually diagnosed based on appearance and treated w/ laser, cryotherapy or surgery

A

Genital warts

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11
Q

Inflammation of the testes

A

Orchitis

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12
Q

May be isolated but more often combined with epididymitis

A

Orchitis

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13
Q

Testis become swollen and painful. May be warm, have fever

A

Orchitis

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14
Q

Often follows chlamydia infection, but could be bladder infection, urinary catheterization

A

Orchitis

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15
Q

Inflammation of the epididymis

A

Epididymitis

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16
Q

Usually a complication of urethritis or prostatitis

A

EPIDIDYMITIS

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17
Q

In young men, it is most often a complication of
sexually acquired infections

A

EPIDIDYMITIS

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18
Q

In older patients it is typically a complication of urinary obstruction, catheterization, or prostate surgery

A

EPIDIDYMITIS

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19
Q

Left untreated can cause testicular infarct

A

Epididymitis

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20
Q

Inflammation of the urethra

A

Urethritis

21
Q

If purulent exudate present, typical infection with gonorrhea or chlamydia

A

Urethritis

22
Q

Inflammation of the prostate
Typically preceded by UTI

A

PROSTATITIS

23
Q

Category 1 prostatitis

A

Acute bacterial prostatitis

24
Q

Category II prostatitis

A

Chronic bacterial prostatitis

25
Q

Category III prostatitis

A

Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CCPS)

26
Q

Category IV prostatitis

A

Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis

27
Q

M/c category prostatitis

A

Category 3 Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CCPS)

28
Q

Asymptomatic (no pain or discomfort), but findings of WBC in semen are present

A

Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis
(Category IV)

29
Q

Half of all men have at least one episode in their
lifetime, most common over 40

A

PROSTATITIS

30
Q

Abnormal twisting of testis and spermatic cord

A

testiculcar torsion

31
Q

Often associated with congenital abnormalities such as Bell-clapper deformity

A

TESTICULAR TORSION

32
Q

Usually results from an abnormal development of the spermatic cord or the membrane covering the testis

A

TESTICULAR TORSION

33
Q
  • Most often occurs in males between puberty and 25 y.o.
  • May happen spontaneously or after strenuous activity
A

TESTICULAR TORSION

34
Q

⬧ Cells in testicles become malignant
⬧ 95% of tumours of germ cell origin

A

TESTICULAR CANCER

35
Q
  • Rare – occur during prime of life and potentially affect sexual and reproductive capabilities
  • Mainly affects Western populations
A

TESTICULAR CANCER

36
Q

Most common cancer in 15-35 y.o. age group

A

TESTICULAR CANCER

37
Q

Congenital factors:
⬧ Cryptorchidism
⬧ Klinefelter’s syndrome

A

TESTICULAR CANCER

38
Q

Genetic factors
⬧ Having severe acne is considered protective

A

TESTICULAR CANCER

39
Q

⬧Poorly understood
⬧Hormonal imbalance
⬧High estrogen exposure in utero may have an effect

A

TESTICULAR CANCER

40
Q

Age-related non-malignant enlargement of the
prostate gland

A

Benign prostatic hypertrophy or hyperplasia

41
Q

75% of men over age 50
⬧ Rare under 40

A

BPH

42
Q
  • Higher in black individuals than white individuals
  • Drinking moderate reduces the risk, but decreasing alcohol intake decreases symptoms
A

BPH

43
Q
  • Idiopathic
  • Hormone imbalance, androgens and estrogens
  • Multiple prostatic nodules develop
A

BPH

44
Q
  • Proliferation of epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts
  • Lumen of urethra becomes progressively narrowed
A

BPH

45
Q
  • Related to secondary involvement of the urethra and restriction of urine flow
  • Decreased calibre and force of stream
  • Difficulty initiating or continuing urination
A

BPH

46
Q

Prevention with Antioxidants – saw palmetto, lycopene, tomatoes

evidence for all of these is tentative at best
or even shows no help at all

A

BPH

47
Q
  • 4th m/c cause of cancer but does not cause death.
  • Most people die with this cancer but not from it
A

Prostate cancer

48
Q

Etiology
* Unknown
* Endocrine system dysfunction
* Higher levels of androgens especially testosterone
* Viral exposure

A

Prostate cancer

Systemic Pathology (12 decks)

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