Reproduction Flashcards
How many chromosomes as a human have
They come in 23 pairs so total of 46
Gene
A section of DNA responsible for a particular trait or function
What happens in mitosis
Two daughter cells are created
Meiosis
Cell division resulting in sex sells
What happens to the DNA with sex sells
One half of the DNA of the somatic cell
How do the sex cells change
They go from diploid two haploid
Interphase
Regular process, DNA replicates
Prophase one
Chromosomes get near homologous pair, spindle forms
Metaphase one
Spindle fibers attached to chromosomes, pair and lineup in the center
Anaphase one
Chromosomes pull apart
Telophase one and cytokinesis
Nuclear envelope reforms around chromosomes, cells separate into two cells with half of the chromosomes
Prophase two
Ready for second division
Metaphase to
Chromosomes line up in the center
Anaphase to
Chromosomes split apart, reform new sister chromatids
Tell a phase 2 and cytokinesis
For new cells are formed with one half of the chromosomes
Crossing over
During prophase one and metaphase one segment of chromosomes may overlap and become switched
Binary fusion
Every organelle is copied an organism divides into two
Budding
New organism develops from outgrowth of parent butts off and lives independently
Fragmentation
Parent breaks off into parts, regenerating into a new individual
Parthenogenesis
Development of the egg that hasn’t been fertilized
Internal sexual reproduction
Egg is fertilized inside the female
External reproduction
Egg is fertilized outside
Monogamy
One partner
Polygamy
Many mating partners
R selection
Quick and many, small body size, short lifespan, sexually mature slow, carry many young
Kselection
Slow and few, large body size, long lifespan, take a long time to sexually mature, 1 to 2 young
Oviparity
Eggs released by mother, develop outside, nurtures from yolk
VIvaparity
Placement mammals, increased chance of surviving in the body
