human body Flashcards
endocrine system
Controls growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction
lymphatic system
helps protect the body from disease and collects fluid loss by blood
what is the most abundant tissue and most animals
muscle tissue
which type of tissue covers the surface of the body and lines internal organs
epithelial tissue
homeostasis
The process of maintaining a controlled stable internal environment
connective tissue
hold organs in place and binds together parts
what is the function of the nervous system
Controls and coordinates functions, and response to stimuli
three types of neurons
sensory, motor, interneurons
synapse
I neuron can transfer an impulse to another cell
function of the central nervous system
relays messages, processes information, analyze information
two parts of central nervous system
Brain and spinal cord
cerebrum
Controls voluntary activities of the body, thinking
cerebellum
coordinates and bounds of the actions of the muscles
The left hemisphere controls blank, the right hemisphere controls blank
right, left
what does the autonomic nervous system regulates
involuntary activities
neurotransmitter
transmit an impulse across the synapse
three components of circulatory system
heart blood blood vessels
atrium
upper chamber of the heart
ventricle
lower chamber of the heart
pulmonary circulation
right side, from heart to Lungs
systemic circulation
left side, rest of body
smallest blood vessels
capillaries
arteries
large, away from the heart, thick walls, no valves
veins
small, return to hurt, smooth thin walls, valves
blood pressure
keeps the blood flowing toward the heart in the larger veins
valves
flap of connective tissue
what is the basic job performed by human respiratory system
Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
trachea
passageway between the pharynx and the bronchi, cartilage rings for support
larynx
structure at the top of the trachea that contains the vocal chords
bronchi
large passageways in chess that lead to the lungs
Alivioli
tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs
hemoglobin
increases oxygen carrying capacity
diaphragm
expands volume of chest cavity
six nutrients that the body needs
water, carbs for energy, fats, proteins with amino acids, vitamins, minerals
mechanical digestion
physically breaks down food
Chemical digestion
uses enzymes, amylase, to break down food
gall Blatter
stores bile
primary job of the large intestine
absorbs water from the undigested material
esophagus
Who to connect in the mouth to the stomach
stomach
large muscular sack that contains the mechanical digestion of food
small intestine
digestive organ which most chemical digestion takes place
pancreas
gland that produces hormones
villi
folded projection that increases the surface area of the walls of the small intestine
nervous system
coordinates the body’s response to changes in its internal and Extertal environment
three organs of the excretory system
skin, lungs, kidneys
kidneys
filter waste from the blood
what is the functional unit of the kidney
nephrons
Waze water is lost
sweat, breathing, urine
filtrate
made from filter ration
what is in filterate
water, urea, glucose, salt, amino acids, vitamins
dialysis
filters blood for you
endocrine system
glands that release hormones
hormones
find chemical messengers
what is the endocrine system maintain
homeostasis with into hormones that are opposite effect
what is the role of the pituitary gland hormones
regulate body functions and control other endocrine glands
what did the adrenal glands do
help prepare for and deal with stress, epinephrine
where are the adrenal glands
top of the kidneys
what happens when the pancreas produces two little insulin
diabetes
