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Cp Biology > Biochemistry > Flashcards

Biochemistry Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Nucleus

A

Strong forces by protons and neutrons together in the center of an atom

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1
Q

Atom

A

Basic unit of matter

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2
Q

Protons

A

Positive, in nucleus

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3
Q

Neutrons

A

Neutral in nucleus

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4
Q

Electrons

A

Negative surrounding nucleus

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5
Q

Wire at homes neutral despite having charged particles

A

There are equal number of protons and electrons

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6
Q

Element

A

A pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom

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7
Q

What does an element atomic number represent

A

The number of protons in and Atom of an element

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8
Q

Isotopes

A

Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons

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9
Q

Chemical compound

A

A substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions

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10
Q

Chemical bonds

A

Hold the atoms and compounds together

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11
Q

Covalent bond

A

Electrons are shared between Atoms

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12
Q

Ionic bond

A

One or more out electrons are transferred from one atom to another

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13
Q

Ion

A

Positively and negatively charged atoms

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14
Q

Molecule

A

Structure that results when Atoms are doing together by covalent bonds

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15
Q

Why is a water molecule polar

A

There is an uneven distribution of electrons between the oxygen and hydrogen Atoms

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16
Q

Cohesive

A

An attraction between molecules of the same substance

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17
Q

Adhesive

A

The attraction between molecules of a different substance

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18
Q

Capillary action

A

The rise of water and narrow tube against the force of gravity

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19
Q

Mixture

A

Material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together

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20
Q

Solution

A

Evenly distributed throughout

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21
Q

What is the greatest solvent in the world

A

Water

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22
Q

Solute

A

What is dissolved in the solution

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23
Q

PH

A

The concentration of H plus ions in a solution

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24
Q

Acids, bases on the pH scale

A

Acids 0 to 6.9, bases 7.1-14

25
Q

Characteristics of acids

A

Sour, forms H plus ions, strong range from 1 to 3

26
Q

Characteristics of bases

A

Deuces hydroxide alkaline strong range from 11 to 14

27
Q

Buffers

A

Read acids or bases that react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp sudden change in pH

28
Q

What makes the compound organic

A

Compounds contain carbon

29
Q

What gives carbon the ability to form chains that are almost unlimited in length

A

Carbon can bond with other carbon Adams

30
Q

Macromolecules

A

Large molecules of living things

31
Q

For groups of organic compounds

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acid and proteins

32
Q

Three things about carbohydrates

A

Made of carbon hydrogen and oxygen and, main source of energy, structural purposes

33
Q

Monosaccharides

A

Carbohydrate that occurs naturally

34
Q

Polysaccharides

A

The large macromolecule formed from Montosa car rides

35
Q

Plants excess sugar

A

Plant starts

36
Q

Animal store excess sugar

A

Glycogen, animal starch

37
Q

Fatty acids

A

Building blocks of lipids

38
Q

Nucleic acids

A

Macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and, carbon and phosphorus

39
Q

Nucleotides

A

Building blocks of nucleic acid

40
Q

What are the three parts of a nucleotide

A

Three parts, five carbon sugar, a phosphate group, a nitrogen you space, Polly nucleate

41
Q

What are the two kinds of nucleic acid

A

DNA, RNA

42
Q

Amino acids

A

Building blocks of proteins

43
Q

Chemical reaction

A

A process changing one set of chemicals into another

44
Q

The closer to zero the blank the acid

A

Stronger

45
Q

When the base is close 214 the base is

A

Stronger

46
Q

Nucleic acid

A

Macromolecules containing hydrogen oxygen nitrogen carbon and phosphorus

47
Q

What is the function of nucleic acid

A

They store and transmit hereditary or genetic information

48
Q

What are four rolls of proteins plan a living environment

A

Control rate of reactions, regulate cell processes, form bones and muscles

49
Q

Reactants

A

Elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction

50
Q

Products

A

Produced by a chemical reaction

51
Q

What is released or observed whenever chemical bonds form or are broken

A

Energy

52
Q

What is activation energy

A

The energy that is needed to get a reaction started

53
Q

Catalyst

A

Speeds up rate of a chemical reaction

54
Q

Enzymes

A

Act as a biological catalyst

55
Q

How do cells use enzymes

A

Beat up chemical reaction

56
Q

Water cycle

A

Evaporation, condensation, precipitation, transpiration

57
Q

Carbon cycle

A

Biological processes, Geo chemical processes, mixed processes, human activity

58
Q

Nitrogen cycle

A

Organisms require to make proteins, makes up 70% of the atmosphere, decays organic materials

59
Q

Phosphorus cycle

A

Forms DNA and RNA him, does not enter the atmosphere, is found in rocks soil and ocean sediment

Cp Biology (19 decks)

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