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Cp Biology > Genetics > Flashcards

Genetics Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Genes

A

Chemical factors that determine treats

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1
Q

Genetics

A

Scientific study of heredity

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2
Q

Hybrids

A

The offspring of crosses between parents with different traits

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3
Q

Traits

A

Sides of the characteristics that vary from one individual to another

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4
Q

Alleles

A

The different forms of a gene

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5
Q

Principle of dominance

A

Summer dominant others are recessive

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6
Q

Gametes

A

Sex sells

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7
Q

Why can the principles of probability be used to predict the outcome of genetic crosses

A

Alleles segregate randomly

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8
Q

How do you geneticists use punnets squares

A

To predict the outcome of a genetic cross

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9
Q

Genotype

A

Genetic makeup of an organism

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10
Q

Homozygous

A

Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait

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11
Q

Phenotype

A

Physical characteristics of an organism

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12
Q

Heterozygous

A

Organisms that have two different alleles for the same trait

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13
Q

Mendels principle of independent assortment

A

Jeans for different traits segregate individually, during formation of gametes

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14
Q

When two or more forms of a gene for Singletree exist sometimes maybe blank and other forms maybe blank

A

Dominant, recessive

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15
Q

Incomplete dominance

A

One allele is not completely dominant over another, the heterozygous phenotype is somewhere in between the two homozygous phenotypes

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16
Q

Polygenetic trait’s

A

Two or more genes control a trait

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17
Q

What does it mean when two sets of chromosomes are homolog us

A

Each has a matching pair

18
Q

Diploid

A

Cell containing both sets of Homo largest chromosomes

19
Q

What happened to the diploid cell that enters meiosis

A

It becomes four haploid cells

20
Q

Where is DNA located in a prokaryotic cell

A

Cytoplasm

21
Q

Where is DNA found in eukaryotic cell

A

The cells nuclear us

22
Q

What occurs during the process of replication

A

DNA is copied

23
Q

Differences between RNA and DNA

A

Of sugar, RNA is single-stranded, DNA is double-stranded, are in a contained you’re still and DNA has dining, DNA cannot leave the nuclear us

24
Q

What is the job in which most RNA molecules are involved

A

Protein synthesis

25
Q

Messenger RNA

A

Carries copies of instructions for assembling amino acids from DNA to the rest of the cell

26
Q

Ribosomal RNA

A

Proteins are assembled on ribosomes

27
Q

Transfer RNA

A

Transfers each amino acid to the ribosome’s to help assemble proteins

28
Q

How are proteins made

A

Joining amino acids into longchain called polypeptides

29
Q

How can only for bases and RNA care instructions for 20 different amino acids what

A

Read three letters at a time

30
Q

Codon

A

Specify a specific amino acid that is at added to a polypeptide

31
Q

How many three bass codons are possible

A

64

32
Q

What happens during translation

A

Decoding of an M RNA message

33
Q

What are the keys to almost everything that living cells do

A

Proteins

34
Q

Mutations

A

Change in DNA sequence

35
Q

What happens in deletion mutation

A

All or part of a chromosome is missing

36
Q

How do you biologist make. A karyotype

A

Cut out chromosomes from photographs and put them together in pairs

37
Q

Achondroplasia

A

Disproportional dwarfs

38
Q

Huntington’s disease

A

Across a progressive loss of muscle control and mental function caused by an AutoZone will dominant allele

39
Q

Ateliotic

A

Proportional dwarfs

40
Q

Colorblindness

A

And inability to distinguish certain colors

41
Q

When does down syndrome occur and what are the characteristics

A

Three copies of chromosome 21, increased mental retardation

42
Q

Genetic engineering

A

Scientist make changes in DNA of living organisms

43
Q

Marfan’s disease

A

Long tall double jointed

Cp Biology (19 decks)

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