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Year 3 repro > repro endocrinology > Flashcards

repro endocrinology Flashcards

1
Q

in mid / late anestrus what are oestradiol / progesterone / lh / fsh levels?

A

all low

except FSH which increases during anoestrus

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2
Q

what happens with the hormones one week before anoestrus?

A

increased pulses of LH

slight increase of FSH

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3
Q

what happens to the hormones in proestrus?

A

oestradiol and progesterone increase

LH and FSH decrease

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4
Q

what happens in late proestrus?

A

LH peak and FSH peak

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5
Q

In the bitch what is different about the LH and FSH peaks?

A

the FSH peak is about 1 day after the LH peak

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6
Q

what does ovulation occur in the bitch?

A

about 2 days after the LH surge

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7
Q

What is unusual about the bitch ovulation?

A

the egg hasnt yet undergone its first round of meiosis

normally the LH surge triggers it and meiosis is complete before ovulation

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8
Q

What affects progesterone in the luteal phase in the bitch?

A

from CL

affected by LH and PRL

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9
Q

Why is PRL so important in the bitch?

A

maintains the CL after day 25

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10
Q

why is relaxin so important in a bitch?

A

from the placenta and increases and progesterone and PRL

used to detect pregnancy as not detectable in the non-pregnant animals

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11
Q

How can oestrus be controlled int he bitch?

A
  • OVH
  • synthetic progestagens ( anti - gonadotrophic , weakly prostagenic, antioestrogenic)
  • testosterone (can affect future fertility and external genitalia appearance)
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12
Q

What is pseudopregnancy in the bitch?

A
  • see weight gain, mammary development and lactation and behaviour changes from about 45d after oestrus
  • normal luteal length and progesterone conc
  • due to high PRL or a sudden drop in progesterone
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13
Q

how do you treat a pseudopregnancy in the bitch?

A
  • spontaneous remission
  • synthetic progestagens
  • oestrogens and androgens together
  • dopamine agonist
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14
Q

What is going on with the hormones in the interoestrus period in the queen?

A

21d follicular waves of LH

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15
Q

what happens post mating in the queen to LH?

A

rapid release

need multiple matings for ovulation

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16
Q

what happens post mating in the queen to progesterone?

A

increases and peaks after 30 d
then decreases if not pregnant or stays high throughout preg
cant return to oestrus until progesterone back to baseline

17
Q

what happens post mating in the queen to PRL?

A

elevated for the last 20 day of preg and during lactation

18
Q

What is pseuodpregnancy in the queen?

A

non pregnant luteal phase

after mating if not conceived or spontaneous ovulation

19
Q

How can you control oestrus in the queen?

A

OVH
hCG - induce pseudopregnancy to stop callings
androgens - postpone calling
progesterone - suppress calling , prevent conception, prevent oestrus

20
Q

How would you treat anovulatory acyclicity in the cow?

A
  • PRID or CIDR for 12 days

- eCG on day of removal

21
Q

What is a PRID or CIDR? and how do they work?

A 
PRID = progesterone releasing internal device
CIDR = controlled internal drug release

progesteron is negative to GnRH so when its removed get a GnRH surge

22
Q

5 ways to induce oestrus in seasonallly anoestrus ewes

A

1) hourly GnRH for 30-40 hrs
2) 16h dark : 8h light
3) regulin implants (release melatonin)
4) P4 sponge(12d) and eCG on removal
5) ram/boar effect

normally combine sponge and ram/boar effect

23
Q

how to induce puberty in gilts?

A

at 6-7 mo / 100 kg bw

PMSG and hCG

24
Q

How to prevent anoestrus in first litter sows?

A

PMSG and hCG on day of weaning

25
Q

how to prevent anoestrus in sows due to season?

A

PMSG and hCG on day of weaning

26
Q

How to treat anoestrus in all sows?

A

PMSG and hCG at 8-10d after weaning

27
Q

How to increase the number of gametes

A
  • FSH/eCG = more follicular recruitment

flushing - lowers oestradiol and promotes FSH

28
Q

How to synchronise by shortening luteal phase?

A 
give PGF2a  (only works on CL after d6)
give whole herd 2 doses 11 days apart then AI at 72 +96 h
29
Q

2 ways to ovsynch

A

1) d 10 GnRH (ovulation or luteolysis) , 15d PGF2a (CL luteolysis) , 18d GnRH (ovulate)
2) 5-12 d PRID , 11d PGF2a (luteolysis)

30
Q

how to enhance embryo survival?

A

give P4 within 6d of insemination

GnRH - cows d11 , sheep d9

31
Q

3 ways to immunologically control reproduction

A

1) immunise again androstenedione (removes -ve feedback to high GnRH and ovulate)
2) immunise against GnRH (inhibits gonadal steroid production so decrease testicular size and function , control aggression and male odours)
3) immunise against ZP protein (sperm cant bind to oocyst)

32
Q

Treatment for luteal cysts

A

PG

33
Q

treatment for follicular cysts

A

GnRH / hCG

34
Q

Treatment of pyometra

A

PGF2a

35
Q

Treatment of goat pseudopregnancy

A

PGF2a

Year 3 repro (12 decks)

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