Repro 4 Flashcards
FSH cells act on
Sertoli cells
Primary Sex Characteristics
Internal sexual organs and external genetilia, which we learned are differentiated to male during embryonic development by androgens
Secondary Sex characteristics by Androgen
Body shape, Facial and body hair growth, muscular development
What kind of hormones are androgens
Anabolic hormones and promote protein synthesis
Female Reproduction
A physiological process that occurs in a cyclical fashion
External genetilia of female is known as
Vulva or pudendum
Vagina leads to
Uterus
3 layers of uterus
Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium
Fallopian tube
Passageway to Ovaries (Sperm goes through here)
What is fimbrae and what does it do
Ensures egg released from ovary enters fallopian tube
What do the ovaries produce
Eggs and Hormones
Follicle Development
5-7 million oogonia during fetal development
Primordial follicles are recruited each cycle (1 year complete maturation)
Then they become primary follicles
Then they become secondary follicle
Formation of Theca cells
FSH contributes to formation of follicles
True
with follicle what kind of oocyte is within it
Primary
When sperm are released from Sertoli cells, they are completely mature
False
Menstural Cycle
Females produce mature gametes in monthly cycles (Avg 28 days; normal range 24-35 days)
How long does menstrual cycle last
3-7 days
Follicular phase
Marked by follicular growth, most variable 10 days to 3 weeks
Ovulation
Once one or more follicles have ripened, the ovary releases oocytes during ovulation
Luteal phase
Ruptured follicle transforms to corpus luteum (Yellow), named for yellow pigment and lipid deposits
As uterine bleeding is happening
Multiple Follicles develop
Phases of Uterine Cycle
Menses
Proliferative phase
Secretory Phase
Menses
The beginning of the follicular phase in ovary corresponds with menstrual bleeding from the uterus
Proliferative phase
Latter part of the follicular phase, the uterus adds new cells to the endometrium layer In anticipation of pregnancy
Secretory Phase
After ovulation hormones from corpus luteum convert thickened endometrium into a secretory structure
Hormonal Control of Menstrual cycle
GnRH from hypothalamus
FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary
Estrogen and Progesterone increased at secretory phase
What is ovulation triggered by
LH and FSH
AMH prevents
Additional follicle recruitment
Granulosa cells secrete
Estrogen
