Repro 2 Flashcards
Which of the following would be considered genetically female
X and XX
In female genital tubercle forms
Clitoris
In female urethral folds and grooves form
Labia minora, opening of vagina and urethra
In females labioscrotal swellings form
Labia majora
In males genital tubercle
Form glans penis
In males urethral folds and grooves
Form shaft of penis
In males labioscrotal swellings form
Shaft of penis and scrotum
DHT causes the development of
Male external organs
Settle cells
Regression of mullein ducts
Testosterone impacts
Wolffman ducts and development of penis, scrotum and prostate
Gametogenesis
The production of gametes
Steps of gametogenesis
- Germ cells in gonads undergo mitosis
- duplication of chromosomes (92 chromosomes)
- one primary gamete divides into secondary gametes (each with 46 chromosomes)
- Secondary gated divide again to produce haploid gametes (23 chromosomes)
Differentiation of the external genitalia is determined the absence or presence of
Dihydrotestosterone
Steps of female gametogenesis
In female germ cells are oogonia mitosis and the first stage of meiosis occurs by the fifth month of the fetal development
Meiosis resumes at puberty
First have a tiny first polar body
Why do not polar bodies survive?
Uneven division, polar bodies very small with very little cytoplasm
How many chromosomes do the secondary oocytes have
46
Firat step of brain directs reproduction
Begins with secretion of peptide hormones from hypothalamus and anterior pituitary that control gondola secretion of sex hormones
Sex hormones
Androgens
Estrogens
Progesterone
males primarily have
Androgens
Females primarily have
Estrogens and progesterone
main control pathway of reproduction
Hypothalamic - pituitary - gonadal axis
Steps of HPD
GnRH produced in hypothalamic neurons controls secretion of 2 anterior pituitary gonadotrophin from gonadotropes
Gonadotropes
Follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone
LSH and FSH act on
Gonads
Hypophyseal portal system
Control pathway of product of FSH and LSH
How many gametes does one germ cell of male produce
4
How many gameted does one germ cell of female produce
1
Estrogen can be
Negative and Positive feedback
Inhibins
Inhibits FSH
GnRH release
Released from hypothalamus in pulsatile fashion every 1-3 hours in both sexes
Females also have a surge corresponding with ovulation
