GI 1

Question 1

Primary function of digestive system

Answer 1

Move nutrients, water and electrolytes from the external enviroment into the bodys internal enviroment
Central regulation and integration of metabolic processes throughout the body
Proper functioning necessary for whole body homeostasis
10% of health care costs related to the GI system

Question 2

GI extends from

Answer 2

Mouth to large intestine

Question 3

GI tract

Answer 3

A long tube with muscular walls lined by transporting and secretory epithelial. Continuation of External enviroment

Question 4

Stomach to Anus

Answer 4

Gut

Question 5

Digestion

Answer 5

Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food primarity occurs in gut

Question 6

Where does digestion occur

Answer 6

Gut

Question 7

Accesory gladular organs

Answer 7

Salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas

Question 8

Digestion begins with

Answer 8

Mastification in the mouth and the addition of saliva

Question 9

Functions of salivary glands

Answer 9

1. Moisten and lubricate food
2. Amylase digests starches
3. Dissolve some food molecules (taste)
   4, Lysozyme kills bacteria

Question 10

3 salivary glands

Answer 10

Parotid
Sublingual
Submandibular

Question 11

Esophagus

Answer 11

Passageway from mouth to stomach
Seperated by upper and lower esophageal sphincter

Question 12

What is esophagus made of

Answer 12

Skeletal and Smooth muscle

Question 13

How does food move

Answer 13

Via peristalic waves

Question 14

3 parts of the stomach

Answer 14

1. Fundus
2. Body
3. Antrum

Question 15

Majority of digestion happens in the

Answer 15

Small intestine

Question 16

3 sections of small intestine

Answer 16

1. Duodenum
2. Jejunum
3. Ilem

Question 17

Where does duodenum gets exocrine secretion from

Answer 17

liver and pancreas

Question 18

Large intestine

Answer 18

(Colon)
1.5 L of watery chyme pass into here each day
Mostly reabsorbed

Question 19

Parts of the large intestine

Answer 19

Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon

Question 20

In response to metabloic alkalosis the respiratory system will

Answer 20

Decrease the rate / Depth of ventilation

Question 21

4 layers of GI

Answer 21

inner (mucosa)
Submucosa
muscularis externa
Serosa

Question 22

Parts of mucosa

Answer 22

Mucous membrane
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosae

Question 23

Enteric Nervous System

Answer 23

Submucosal plexus
Myentric plexus

Question 24

Lipids go into

Answer 24

Lamina Propria

Question 25

What increases surface area in stomach

Answer 25

Gastric glands (microscopic and small)

Question 26

Large folding of stomach

Answer 26

Rugae

Question 27

what increases surface area in small intestine

Answer 27

Villi

Question 28

Epithelium of Mucosa

Answer 28

has variable functions depending on location, Has tight functions Includes transporting epithelial cells, endocrine and exocrine secretory cells Has a lot of stem cells

Question 29

Epithelial cells have a

Answer 29

Short life span

Question 30

Lamina propria

Answer 30

Subepithelial tissue containing nerve fibers, small blood vessels and lymph vessels

Question 31

Muscularis mucosae

Answer 31

Can alter surface area available for absorbtion

Question 32

Sub Mucosa Layer

Answer 32

Middle distensible layer containing larger vessels. Has the submucosal plexus. One of the major nerve networks in the enteric nervous system

Question 33

Muscularis Externa

Answer 33

2 or 3 layers of smooth muscle Contains myentric plexus

Question 34

Circular muscle

Answer 34

Decrease diameter

Question 35

Longitudinal muslce

Answer 35

Shortens the tube

Question 36

Serosa

Answer 36

Outer covering connective tissue. Holds intestine in place

Question 37

Secretion

Answer 37

Movement of material from cells into lumen or ECF and secretion from ECF to lumen

Question 38

Absorbtion

Answer 38

Movement of material from GI lumen to ECF

Question 39

Motility

Answer 39

Movment of material through the GI tract as a result of muscle contraction