Repair 3: Complications + factors controlling Flashcards
Enumerate complications of wound healing
- Ulcer
- Sinus
- Fistula
- Marjolin ulcer
- Keloids (excess granulation)
- fibrosis complications
- Epidermal cyst
define keloid
overdone repair/ overproduction of scar tissue due to a genetic factor, formed by Collagen type III
Keloids are more common in people that are ____
Black
surgical removal of keloids is usually followed by ____
reccurance
as it’s a gentic defect
Types of deformaties of fibrosis
- Cosmetic deformity/ disfigurment
- Contracture of joints (limiting mobility)
epidermal cyst is also known as ___
Keratin filled cyst
define marjolin ulcer
Malignant transformation formed at chronic ulcers
example of Architectural loss in liver
Hepatitis C & B —-> Cirrhosis
describe appearance of liver cirrhosis
lobulated lobes (ciruclar)
Healing of CNS
no regenration, except glial cells —> gliosis
describe regenration of peripheral nervous system
- Degeneration of Axon from point of cut to proximal until first node of ranvier
- Wallerian degeneration of Axon & myeline from cut to distal end, except for the schwann cells
- Reversible chromatolysis of cell body
- regeneration of neurolemmal tube by schwann cells
cause of Neuroma
Poor alignment of repair mechanism or amputation
describe chromatolysis of cell body
loss of nissel bodies in the cytoplasm
define neuroma
tangled mass of axons and stroma
enumerate Stimulatory factors of Repair
- Growth factors
- ECM interaction
enumerate Inhibitory factors of Repair
- (some) Growth factors
- Cell to cell interaction (Contact inhibition)
Enumerate some growth factors resopnsible for stimulating repair
- PDGF (platelet derived growth factor)
- TGFalpha
- TGFbeta
- IL1
- EGF (epidermal growth factor)
- TNF (tissue necrotic factor)
main fibrogenic factor
TGFbeta
mechanisms of GF stimulating repair
- Autocrine: Liver & epithelial regeneration
- Paracrine: VEGF & FGF from macrophage onto neighboring cells
- Endocrine
receptor on cells which binds to fibronectin of ECM
Integrin
ECM acts as a ____ for repair
scaffolds
inhibitorty growth factors of repair
- TGFalpha: degeneration of (extra) collagen
- TGFbeta: inhibits cellular growth
