Renal XII: UTI and Urinary Tract Neoplasms Flashcards
_______: chronic or recurrent infections with non-obstructive pyelonephritis and renal scarring
Reflux nephropathy
A common complication of UTI with Proteus infection is ______.
Stones
Bacterial Virulence allele that is more commonly seen in strains that cause UTI
P Pili
Endotoxins may inhibit ______.
ureteral peristalsis
In Vesicle-Ureteral reflux, the ureter enters the bladder with a more _______ orientation
perpendicular
Most common pathogen in ascending UTI
E coli
Most common pathogen in hematogenous UTI
S aureus and Group A strep
Most common route of infection in UTI
Ascending infection
Most common time of presentation for Vesicle-Ureteral Reflux
infancy
Persons with blood group __ carry more uropathogenic strains
P1
Pre-Disposing Factors (7)
Female, Catheterization, Urinary stasis, calculi, pregnancy, diabetes, vesical-ureteral reflex
Risk factors for urothelial carcinoma (3)
Schistosoma haematobium infection, acrylamide exposure, smoking
Two major causes of chronic pyelonephritis
Obstruction, Vesicle-Ureteral Reflux
Which benign tumor? eosinophilic epithelial cells with numerous mitochondria, 5-15% of all renal neoplasms
Oncocytoma
Which benign tumor? fibrous small (
Renal Fibroma (Hamartoma)
Which benign tumor? small (5mm) nodules in the cortex, considered to be early cancer
Renal papillary adenoma
Which benign tumor? vessels, smooth muscle, and fat; associated with tuberous sclerosis
Angiomyolipoma
Which malignant tumor? 10-15% of renal cancers
Papillary carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? 5-year survival ~45%
Clear cell carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? 5% of renal cancers
Chromophobe renal carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? 98% of tumors have loss of sequences on 3p
Clear cell carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? Arises in the renal cortex and classically invades renal vein
Clear cell carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? frequently multifocal
Papillary carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? Implication of VHL gene in familial and sporadic cases
Clear cell carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? Most common type
Clear cell carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? Multiple chromosome losses, excellent prognosis
Chromophobe renal carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? Nests of malignant cells within a fibrotic stroma, medullary region
Collecting duct carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? no genetic pattern specific to the malignancy, aggressive behavior and poor prognosis
Collecting duct carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? Originate from intercalated cells of collecting ducts
Chromophobe renal carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? Prominent cell membranes and pale eosinophilic neoplasms with a halo around the nucleus
Chromophobe renal carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? single tumor that is yellow-gray with varied appearance
Clear cell carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? Trisomies of 7, 16, and 17 or loss of Y in sporadic cases
Papillary carcinoma
Which malignant tumor? Trisomy 7 in genetic cases
Papillary carcinoma
Which urinary tract abnormality? account for 90% of urinary tract tumors
Urothelial Carcinoma
Which urinary tract abnormality? tumor-like lesion that presents as a small mass projecting into the lumen
Fibroepithelial Polyp
