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Renal System > Renal I: Anatomy and Basic Physiology > Flashcards

Renal I: Anatomy and Basic Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Glomerular Capillary hydrostatic pressure: __

A

46mmHg

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2
Q

Tubular hydrostatic pressure: __

A

10mmHg

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3
Q

Glomerular Capillary oncotic pressure: __

A

30mmHg

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4
Q

Net Filtration Pressure: __

A

6mmHg

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5
Q

_____ mechanism in the _____ arteriole serves as a regulating valve to maintain constant renal blood flod

A

Myogenic; afferent

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6
Q

Afferent and efferent arteriole constriction causes _______ filtration fraction.

A

Increased

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7
Q

Increased filtration fraction results in _______ net filtration pressure.

A

Decreased

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8
Q

Renin is secreted at the _______.

A

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA)

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9
Q

Renal prostaglandins have a local _______ effect on renal arterioles, which is more selective for the ______ arteriole

A

dilatory; afferent

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10
Q

Renal prostalandins are released in response to ______.

A

angiotensin II

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11
Q

Renal anatomy: ______: conical functional units of the tubular elements of nephrons

A

medullary pyramids

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12
Q

Renal anatomy: ______: units of filtration and reabsorption in the kidney

A

nephrons

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13
Q

Renal anatomy: ______: urinary drainage conduits within the kidney

A

calices

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14
Q

Renal anatomy: ______: location where major calices combine and urine leaves the kidney via the ureter

A

renal pelvis

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15
Q

Renal anatomy: ______: central region of the kidney from which the ureter leaves, site of entry for the renal artery and vein

A

hilum

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16
Q

Renal Artery > ______ Artery > _______ Artery > _______ Artery > _______ Arteriole > _______ Arteriole > ________ > Interlobular Vein

A

Interlobar; arcuate; interlobular; afferent; efferent; vasa recta

17
Q

Renal anatomy: ______: space that represents the beginning of the urinary space; continuous with the proximal tubule

A

Bowman’s Capsule

18
Q

Type of epithelium: parietal epithelium of Bowman’s Capsule

A

Simple squamous

19
Q

Type of epithelium: Proximal tubule

A

Cuboidal, tall microvilli

20
Q

Type of epithelium: Thick Loop of Henle

A

Cuboidal

21
Q

Type of epithelium: Thin Loop of Henle

A

Simple Squamous

22
Q

Type of epithelium: Distal tubule

A

Cuboidal, short microvillia

23
Q

Type of epithelium: collecting tubules

A

Cuboidal

24
Q

Type of epithelium: Collecting duct

A

Columnar

25
Q

Type of epithelium: Bladder

A

Transitional

26
Q

Daily quantity of water filtered and excreted

A

190L; 0.5-25L

27
Q

Daily quanitity of NaCl filtered and excreted

A

1500g; 0.5-30g

28
Q

Amount of NaCl and water reabsorbed in the proximal tubule

A

65%; 65%

29
Q

Amount of NaCl and water reabsorbed in the loop of Henle

A

25%; 15%

30
Q

Amount of NaCl and water reabsorbed in Distal Tubule and Collecting duct

A

8-10%; 6-20%

31
Q

Effect of Aldosterone on cellular transporters

A

Increase apical sodium channels and basolateral Na/K ATPase

32
Q

Effect of ADH on cellular transporters

A

Fusion of vesicles containing aquaporins with apical membrane, increased synthesis of aquaporins

33
Q

Net driving force for fluid flow into capillaries from tubules

A

Capillary oncotic pressure

34
Q

Increasing tubular flow ______ sodium and water reabsorption

A

decreases

35
Q

Increasing tubular flow ______ sodium and water excretion

A

increases

36
Q

Decreasing tubular flow _____ sodium and water excretion

A

decreases

37
Q

_______: obligatory reabsorption mechanisms in the proximal tubule can compensate for changes in filtered load by ensuring that a fixed proportion of the filtered load is always reabsorbed

A

Glomerulotubular balance

38
Q

_______: Macula densa cells monitor changes in obligatory reabsorption at the level of the distal tubule

A

Tubuloglomerular feedback

Renal System (13 decks)

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