Renal I: Anatomy and Basic Physiology Flashcards
Glomerular Capillary hydrostatic pressure: __
46mmHg
Tubular hydrostatic pressure: __
10mmHg
Glomerular Capillary oncotic pressure: __
30mmHg
Net Filtration Pressure: __
6mmHg
_____ mechanism in the _____ arteriole serves as a regulating valve to maintain constant renal blood flod
Myogenic; afferent
Afferent and efferent arteriole constriction causes _______ filtration fraction.
Increased
Increased filtration fraction results in _______ net filtration pressure.
Decreased
Renin is secreted at the _______.
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA)
Renal prostaglandins have a local _______ effect on renal arterioles, which is more selective for the ______ arteriole
dilatory; afferent
Renal prostalandins are released in response to ______.
angiotensin II
Renal anatomy: ______: conical functional units of the tubular elements of nephrons
medullary pyramids
Renal anatomy: ______: units of filtration and reabsorption in the kidney
nephrons
Renal anatomy: ______: urinary drainage conduits within the kidney
calices
Renal anatomy: ______: location where major calices combine and urine leaves the kidney via the ureter
renal pelvis
Renal anatomy: ______: central region of the kidney from which the ureter leaves, site of entry for the renal artery and vein
hilum
Renal Artery > ______ Artery > _______ Artery > _______ Artery > _______ Arteriole > _______ Arteriole > ________ > Interlobular Vein
Interlobar; arcuate; interlobular; afferent; efferent; vasa recta
Renal anatomy: ______: space that represents the beginning of the urinary space; continuous with the proximal tubule
Bowman’s Capsule
Type of epithelium: parietal epithelium of Bowman’s Capsule
Simple squamous
Type of epithelium: Proximal tubule
Cuboidal, tall microvilli
Type of epithelium: Thick Loop of Henle
Cuboidal
Type of epithelium: Thin Loop of Henle
Simple Squamous
Type of epithelium: Distal tubule
Cuboidal, short microvillia
Type of epithelium: collecting tubules
Cuboidal
Type of epithelium: Collecting duct
Columnar
Type of epithelium: Bladder
Transitional
Daily quantity of water filtered and excreted
190L; 0.5-25L
Daily quanitity of NaCl filtered and excreted
1500g; 0.5-30g
Amount of NaCl and water reabsorbed in the proximal tubule
65%; 65%
Amount of NaCl and water reabsorbed in the loop of Henle
25%; 15%
Amount of NaCl and water reabsorbed in Distal Tubule and Collecting duct
8-10%; 6-20%
Effect of Aldosterone on cellular transporters
Increase apical sodium channels and basolateral Na/K ATPase
Effect of ADH on cellular transporters
Fusion of vesicles containing aquaporins with apical membrane, increased synthesis of aquaporins
Net driving force for fluid flow into capillaries from tubules
Capillary oncotic pressure
Increasing tubular flow ______ sodium and water reabsorption
decreases
Increasing tubular flow ______ sodium and water excretion
increases
Decreasing tubular flow _____ sodium and water excretion
decreases
_______: obligatory reabsorption mechanisms in the proximal tubule can compensate for changes in filtered load by ensuring that a fixed proportion of the filtered load is always reabsorbed
Glomerulotubular balance
_______: Macula densa cells monitor changes in obligatory reabsorption at the level of the distal tubule
Tubuloglomerular feedback
