Renal System And Mictunition

Question 1

Renal function

Answer 1

Cleansing of the blood
Filtration, re-absorption, removal of waste

Regulating of blood constituents
Regulating water volume, concentration and ph levels

Influencing you red blood cell production and blood pressure

Question 2

The renal system is mostly in the kidneys. What do they do

Answer 2

They take everything from the blood and then the body takes back what it wants. Leaving behind the waist product

Question 3

Where are the kidney located

Answer 3

Two that sit either side of the spine at the posterior wall

Question 4

What are the tree layers of the kidney

Answer 4

Renal cortex- outer layer

Renal medulla-tissue that separate urine into tinny tubes

Renal pelvis - Funnel shape tube surrounded by smooth muscle that moves urine out of the kidney and into the bladder

Question 5

What % of blood volume does kidney hold

Answer 5

20%

Question 6

How does blood enter the kidneys

Answer 6

Through the large renal arteries

Question 7

What are nephrons

Answer 7

Real small filtering units in the kidneys. Lots of them

Question 8

What is the 3 main purpose of a nephron

Answer 8

Glomerular filtration

Tubular reabsorption

Tubular secretion

Question 9

What happens in the glomerular filtration

Answer 9

The glomerular capsule surrounds the glomerulus.

Glomerulus is very porous so allows lots of fluids, waste etc to flow from the blood through it.

But block out bigger molecules such as proteins. These leave through bass recta

Question 10

What are the 4 parts of the renal tube

Answer 10

Proximal convoluted tubule

Nephron loop

Distal convoluted tubule

Collecting duct

Question 11

What happened on tubular reabsorption

Answer 11

Proximal convoluted tubule

Long and twisting provides more time and space for reabsorption of useful qualities.
Walls coved in mitochondria pull things in
Also cover in microvilli increasing surface area.

Nephron loop

Pumps out salt in the ascending lim so water passes out into the salty space. Water is then pick up by blood.

Distal convoluted tubule goes into the collecting duct

Urea from the Urien then comes out. Making the area more salty. Helping to suck more water out.

Question 12

What happened on tubular secretion

Answer 12

Using active transport it sucks out any last substance before going to the bladder.

Question 13

What is the tubes that transfer urin to the bladder called

Answer 13

Ureters

Have smooth muscle tissue which contracts to move urin to the bladder

Valves prevent urin going back to the kidneys

Question 14

What is the bladder

Answer 14

A hollow sack which stores urin

It’s wall has 3 layers
Inner mucosa
Thick layer called detrosor
Putter membrane

When empty it collapses into a triangular shape

Can hold 500ml of pee

Question 15

After the bladder the urin goes

Answer 15

Going through the urethral sphincter

To the urethra

Pass the urogenital diaphragm

To the external urethral sphincter (we can control)

Question 16

What happens during actral urination

Answer 16

The detrusor contracts

The internal urethral sphincter opens

The external urethral sphincter opens

Question 17

Urinalysis detects what substance in urine

Answer 17

Blood
Glucose
Ketones
Protein
PH
Leukocytes 
Nitrites