renal neoplasia Flashcards
angiomyolipoma, association
hamartoma, assoc with tuberus sclerosis
RCC is a tumor of-
kidney tubules
classic triad of RCC
flank pain, hematuria, mass
most common presenting symptom of RCC
hematuria
5 paraneoplastic syndromes of RCC
epo- polycythemia PTHrp- hypercalcemia ACTH- Cushing renin- HTN left varicocele
most common histologic type of RCC
clear cell
pathogenesis of clear cell RCC
loss of VHL (3p) = increased IGF-1 = increased HIF = increased VEGF
sporadic clear cell RCC
older males, solitary mass, smoking
hereditary clear cell RCC
von hippel lindau- also hemagioblastoma of the cerebellum
gene associated with papillary RCC
MET
3 cell types in a Wilm’s tumor
blastema
primitive tubules
stroma
presentation of Wilm’s tumor
unilateral mass, hematuria, HTN
3 syndromes assoc with Wilm’s tumor
WAGR
Denys-Drash
Beckwith-Wiedeman
WAGR (symptoms, gene)
wilm’s, aniridia, genital abnormalities, retardation
WT1
Denys-Drash (symptoms, gene)
wilm’s, glomerular disease, male pseudohermaphroditism, WT1
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (symptoms, gene)
wilm’s, neonatal hypoglycemia, hemihypertrophy, organomegaly, WT2
where is WT1? WT2?
WT1- 11p13
WT2- 11p15.5
risk factors for urothelial carcinoma (4)
smoking*, naphthylene exposure, cyclophosphamide, azo dyes
presentation of urothelial carcinoma
painless hematuria
flat type vs papillary type
flat- high grade flat tumor, early p53 must
papillary- low grade, then high, no early p53
3 things that cause SCC of the bladder
chronic cystitis (old female) Schistosoma hematobium (egyptian male) long standing kidney stones
3 things that cause adenocarcinoma of the bladder
urachal remnant
bladder exostrophy
cystitis glandularis
