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pathology block 4 > ovary > Flashcards

ovary Flashcards

1
Q

action of LH

A

acts on theca cells, causes androgen production

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2
Q

action of FSH

A

acts on granulosa cells, causes estradiol production

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3
Q

what is the hormone imbalance in PCOS?

A

high LH, low FSH (ratio 2:1 or more)

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4
Q

why is FSH low in PCOS?

A

LH leads to production of excess androgen, excess androgen is then converted to estrone in adipose tissues, excess estrone exerts negative feedback on the ant pit = low FSH

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5
Q

most common type of ovarian tumor

A

surface epithelial tumor `

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6
Q

ovarian cystadenoma (description, more common in)

A

single cyst with simple, flat lining

more common in pre-menopausal women

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7
Q

ovarian cystadencarcinoma (description, more common in)

A

complex cyst with thick, shaggy lining

more common in postmenopausal women

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8
Q

unique mets for ovarian cystadenocarcinoma

A

omentum = omental caking

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9
Q

genetic abnormality assoc with increased risk of ovarian cystadenocardinoma

A

BRCA1

also fallopian tube cancer

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10
Q

lab test used to monitor response to treatment for ovarian cystadenocarcinoma

A

CA-125

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11
Q

brenner tumor

A

benign, bladder-like epithelium

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12
Q

type of ovarian cancer associated with endometriosis

A

endometrioid

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13
Q

2 types of ovarian tumors derived from fetal tissue

A

teratoma, embryonal carcinoma

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14
Q

cystic teratoma is considered malignant if (2)

A

it contains immature tissue (m/c neural) or it contains somatic malignancy (m/c SCC of skin)

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15
Q

cystic teratoma must contain

A

2/3 embryonic layers

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16
Q

struma ovarii-

A

teratoma composed of large amounts of thyroid tissue, can cause hyperthyroidism

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17
Q

embryonal carcinoma

A

malignant tumor with large, primitive cells

18
Q

ovarian tumor composed of oocytes

A

dysgerminoma

19
Q

dysgerminoma

A

malignant tumor composed of large cells with clear cytoplasm and central nuclei

20
Q

male counterpart for dysgerminoma

A

seminoma

21
Q

lab that can be elevated in dysgerminoma

A

LDH

22
Q

ovarian tumor composed of yolk sac

A

endodermal sinus tumor

23
Q

endodermal sinus tumors are the most common ovarian tumor in what population

A

children

24
Q

what is the characteristic histologic finding for endodermal sinus tumors?

A

schiller-ducal bodies

25
Q

what are the characteristic lab elevations for endodermal sinus tumors?

A

elevated AFP

elevated A1AT

26
Q

ovarian tumor composed of placental tissue

A

choriocarcinoma

27
Q

what is the typical course for choriocarcinoma? why?

A

small primary, early mets because syncytiotrophoblasts are programmed to invade blood vessels

28
Q

what lab is elevated in choriocarcinoma? why?

A

bHCG

it is produced by syncytiotrophoblasts

29
Q

which “pathway” for development of choriocarcinoma has a better prognosis?

A

gestational

30
Q

granulosa-theca cell tumors make-

A

excess estrogen

31
Q

sertoli-leydig cell tumors make-

A

excess androgen

32
Q

presentation of granulosa-theca cell tumors

A

precocious puberty, heavy bleeding, postmenopausal bleeding

33
Q

histologic finding for stroll-leydig cell tumors

A

reinke crystals

34
Q

meigis syndrome

A

pleural effusions and ascites associated with fibroma of the ovary, resolves with tumor removal

35
Q

Krukenberg tumor

A

bilateral mets to ovary

36
Q

m/c source for Krukenberg, others

A

m/c- diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinoma, others are breast and colon

37
Q

pseudomyxoma peritonei

A

metastatic mucinous tumor of the ovary with massive mucus accumulation in the peritoneum

38
Q

source tumor for pseudomyxoma peritonei

A

appendix

39
Q

ovarian fibroma cell shape

A

spindle cells

40
Q

which 2 GYN tumors have psammoma bodies?

A

ovarian cystadenoma/carcinoma

endometrial carcinoma

pathology block 4 (18 decks)

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