Renal drugs Flashcards
Whats the goal of Renal Drugs?
Reduce excessive physiological oedema by reducing extracellular fluid volume
Name the 3 physiologically changes that occur with Renal Drugs
Reduced Cap. hydrostatic pressure
Reduced venous pressure
Reduced cardiac load
Name a high ceiling drug
Loop diuretics
Name a low ceiling drug
Thiazides
Mannitol
Where does it act?
Absorbed in glomerulus but doesnt get reabsorbed
Mannitol
When is it given (pressure) ?
Raised intracranial pressure
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (CAI)
Where does it act?
Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
CAI—-> PCT
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor (CAI)
What does it stop the conversion of in the lumen?
Whats then released in terms of excretion?
H2CO3 —> H20 + CO2
Na2HCO3 excreted
Acetazolamide (CAI)
When is this CAI used for?
Glaucoma
Optic nerve damage/pressure in eye
Acetazolamide (CAI)
Due to bicarbonate loss, what can occur? (2)
Metabolic acidosis
Blood dyscrasias
Loop diuretics
Where do these act upon?
Ascending limb of loop of henle
Loop diuretics
What do they inhibit?
What does this cause for reabsorption?
Na/K/2CL- symporter
Reduced water reabsorption
Furosemide
What category of drug does it go under?
Loop diuretic
Why can hypokalemia occur in loop diuretics?
K+ secretion is coupled with Na reabsoprtion due to Na+K+ ATPase
Bendroflumethiazide
Is what type of drug?
Thiazide
Bendroflumethiazide
Inhibits NaCl co transporter
Reduces Na reabsorption=
Water retention
Hydrochlorothiazide
What is this combined with for synergistic effects?
Loop diuretics
Name a potassium sparing drug
Spironolactone
Spironolactone
What does this get converted to?
What type of Antagonist is it?
Canrenone
Aldosterone MR antagonist
Spironolactone
What is the mechanism of this drug?
Where does it act upon?
Inhibits sodium reabsorption by competiting with aldosterone
Distal tubule Na/K+
Where do thiazides act on?
DCT (distal convoluted tubule)
Name a Na channel blocker
Amiloride
What does amiloride block and where?
Blocks sodium channel so no sodium reabsorption meaning K+ is sparred
Acts on collecting duct (ENaC)
Side effect of mannitol (2)
Transient expansion of ECF
Hyponatraemia
