Renal Disease/Treatments Flashcards
What process does dialysis involve?
diffuse across semi permeable membrane
What does dialysis allow for the infusion of?
bicarbonate
What does dialysis remove toxin wise?
urea, potassium, sodium
What restrictions are placed on patients during dialysis?
fluid, salt, potassium and phosphate intake
phosphate binders taken with meals
What is the gold standard of dialysis access?
fistula
What else could be used as well as fistula?
tunneled venous catheter - but higher risk of infection
What is intradialytc hypotension and why is it a problem?
removing large volumes of water 3 times a week instead of continously is bad - can lead to low BP
What is peritoneal dialysis?
diffusion across peritoneal membrane
What is osmosis of water out driven by during PD?
high glucose concentration
What are the two types of PD?
CAPD (continous)
APD (automated)
What problems may arise with PD?
infection
Hernias (increased abdo pressure)
membrane failure due to fluid overload
What should you do if membrane failure occurs in PD?
switch to HD
What are metabolic complications of dialysis?
photphate retention low vit D hypocalcaemia High PTH anaemia sodium/water retention
What can dialysis do to cardiovascular disease?
accelarate it
What GFR should cause you to start dialysis?
<5