Clinical Presentations in Renal Flashcards
asymptomatic haematuria/proteinuria
glomerulonephritis
Pyelonephritis
rapid, symptoms appearing over 1-2 days
Loin pain, fever, rigors, vomiting
simple cysts
most often incidental finding
abdo mass, haematuria, CRF, hypertension, usually in adult life
ADPKD
abdominal mass in child
nephroblastoma (Wilm’s tumour)
Abdo mass, haematuria, flank pain, POLYCYTHAEMIA + HYPERCALCAEMIA
renal cell carcinoma
haematuria, exposure to dues or rubber
transitional cell carcinoma
Long standing cystitis cystica
adenocarcinoma
ulcerating tumour of glands/prepuce of penis
SCC
Inability to urinate, increasing pain
acute urinary retention
sudden severe colicky pain, loin to groin
renal calculus
acutely painful scotum, adolescent often woken from sleep
Testin high in scrotum, lies transversely and there is absence of cremasteric reflex
tortion of spermatic cord
localised tenderness at upper pole and blue dot sign in testis
torsion of testicular appendages
dysuria, pyrexia, history of UTI/urethritis
Cremasteric reflex is present
epididymitis
painful swelling of foreskin distal to phimotic ring
paraphymosis
starts as cellulitis in male genitals, swollen, tender, erthematous, systemic toxicity, dark purple areas
Fourneir’s gangrene
fever, vomiting, flank pain, usually in diabetics
emphysematous pyelonephritis
flank mass, may be pyrexial, insidious onset
perinephric abscess
suprapubic/abdo pain, unable to void, suprapubic tenderness, lower abdominal bruising, diminished bowel sounds
bladder injury
often after pelvic fracture
bladder injury
blood at meatus, unable to pass urine, butterfly perieal haematoma, palpably full bladder, high riding prostate
urethra injury
frequency, urgency, incomplete bladder emptying, need to push or strain, haematuria, p, hesistancy
BPH
Majority asymptomatic, piceked up by PSA tests, assymetry, nodular, fixed craggy max
prostate cancer
white patches, scarring, bleeding at prepuce/glans of penis
balanitis xerotica obliterans
red raised, fungating mass on penis, foul smelling
SCC
huge, palpable bladder, chronic retention, insensible incontinence, wet at night, renal impairment
overflow incontinence
frequency, small voided volumes, urgency eg caused by running water
urge incontinence
Urine leaks during increased intra abdo presure, may have had children
stress incontinence
