Renal anesthesia

Question 1

The usual ration of BUN to creatinine is

___, and a ratio greater than ___1 implies a prerenal syndrome.

Answer 1

The usual ration of BUN to creatinine is

10:1, and a ratio greater than 20:1 implies a prerenal syndrome.

Question 2

GFR declines with age. A healthy individual of age 20 has a GFR of about 125 ml/min; an otherwise healthy patient at age 60 has a GFR about ___ ml/min.

Answer 2

60 ml/min

Question 3

Cockroft and Gault formula for GFR?

Answer 3

(140 – age) x weight (kg)/(Scr x 72)

Question 4

Is the gold standard for measurement of GFR because it is filtered at the glomerulus and neither resorbed nor secreted at the tubules.

Answer 4

Inulin

Question 5

Scr does not begin to increase

until GFR falls to about ___ ml/min.

Answer 5

50

Question 6

Patients will remain asymptomatic with only 40% of nephrons functioning. This condition describes the state in which between 10% and 40% of nephrons remain.

Answer 6

Renal insufficiency

Question 7

Patients with renal insufficiency have Ccr of less than ___ ml/min

Answer 7

40

Question 8

Patients with renal failure have Ccr of less than ___ ml/min

Answer 8

25

Question 9

Patients will require dialysis when Ccr is less than ___ ml/min.

Answer 9

10

Question 10

A daily output of ____ ml of urine is required to excrete obligatory nitrogenous wastes.

Answer 10

400 to 500 mL

Question 11

What is the best relaxant for patients with renal insufficiency?

Answer 11

Atracurium (Hoffman and ester hydrolysis)