Non-diabetic endocrine disease

Question 1

Describe four steps involved in thyroid hormone synthesis.

Answer 1

1. Iodide uptake
2. Iodination
3. Coupling
4. Release

Question 2

How much tri-iodothyronine and thyroxine are produced?

Answer 2

T3 - 8 mcg

T4 - 90 mcg

Question 3

What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?

Answer 3

Surgical or radioiodine ablation of thyroid tissue in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, most commonly Graves’ disease

Question 4

Hyper or hypo thyroidism which affects MAC?

Answer 4

None

As in hypothyroidism, MAC is not affected by hyperthyroidism

Question 5

How is thyrotoxicosis treated?

Answer 5

1. B-blockers
2. IV fluids
3. Temperature regulation
4. Steroids (cortisol deficiency)

Question 6

Damage to the nerve fibers innervating the vocal cord adductors results in unopposed abduction of the
ipsilateral or contralateral vocal cord?

Answer 6

Ipsilateral

Question 7

The adrenal _____ principally produces the steroid hormones.

Answer 7

Cortex

Question 8

The adrenal _______ secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Answer 8

Medulla

Question 9

What causes supression of steroid production?

Answer 9

Endogenous steroid 7-10 day use

Question 10

This condition is caused by a relative lack of cortisol or other glucocorticoid in relation to a physiologic stress such as surgery.

Answer 10

Addisonian crisis or acute adrenocortical insufficiency