Religious and intellectual ideas under Henry VIII

Question 1

weaknesses of church prior reform

Answer 1

corruption (Wolsey used church offices to rewards clergy officials)
Anticlericalism
Decline of monasticism (already criticised and Wolsey dissolved about 20 in 1520)

Question 2

cultural changes under Henry VIII

Answer 2

classical learning becomes more valuable
more gothic architecture
Henry and Wolsey were both musical patrons
Humanism still influential

Question 3

impact of the printing press of protestantism

Answer 3

became more popular
bible in english

Question 4

Act of Supremacy

Answer 4

1534
Henry is the head of the church

Question 5

Viceregent in spirituals

Answer 5

1534
Cromwell’s new title
second to king
outranked archbishops
powers over church
post died with him

Question 6

new diocese

Answer 6

6
to improve church administration

Question 7

Valor Eccleisasticus

Answer 7

1535
survey by Cromwell to work out the churches wealth
‘visitors’ to inspect monasteries
found evidence of corruption (instructed to do so)
evidence to have smaller monasteries dissolved (1536)
Pilgrimage of Grace ‘proved’ the rest should also be dissolved

Question 8

royal injunctions (1)

Answer 8

1536
more moral behaviour
restricted holy days and pilgrimages

Question 9

royal injunctions (2)

Answer 9

1538
condemned pilgrimages and veneration of relics
all parish churches need an English bible

Question 10

1st addition of the great bible

Answer 10

1539
Picture of Henry VIII offering the word of God
also had Cromwell and Cranmer

Question 11

Act of Advancement of True Religion

Answer 11

1543
all of a sudden Henry doesn’t like the idea that EVERYONE can read the bible
restricts the readers to upper class males only

Question 12

10 articles

Answer 12

1536
3 sacraments
ambiguous
had both Lutheran and catholic influences
(Links to foreign policy)

Question 13

Bishop’s Book

Answer 13

1537
restores the other sacraments
more conservative

Question 14

Six articles act

Answer 14

1539
reassured the catholic doctrine
denial of transubstantiation was heresy
caused 2 bishops to resign

Question 15

Kings book

Answer 15

1539
a revised bishop’s book
emphasis conservative with Lutheran hints

Question 16

the act of Annexing first fruits and tenths to the crown

Answer 16

1534
annates now paid to the King (previously Pope)
helps Henry’s finances
binds religion to parliament (act of supremacy)
Henry has full control over the CofE (can call parliament when he likes)
increases parliaments power but also means all religious policy is now based on royal whim

Question 17

the act in restraint of appeals

Answer 17

1533
gave England imperial justification
Henry doesn’t have to submit to any other foreign power (papacy)
no appeals can be made to Rome (eg Catherine)
reduces Popes power

Question 18

act of succession

Answer 18

1534
marriage to catherine is void and all their children are barred from succession
questioning the marriage with Anne was treason

Question 19

The treason act

Answer 19

1534
treason could not be committed through spoken word as well as deed or writing
treason to call the King a heretic

Question 20

How far did intellectual and religious ideas change and develop and with what effects?

Answer 20

intellectual ideas didn’t develop loads, most people consumed with the religious upheaval
Henry had a significant, long lasting impact on religion and developed both the religion and his powers as monarch through it (head of the church)
effects were religious division, a complicated succession and the pilgrimage of grace- the most threatening Tudor revolt