Elizabeth's Religion Flashcards
state of English Religion upon Elizabeth’s inheritance
as for protestant/catholic split there was a similar numbers of enthusiastic supports on each side
However, the majority of the English public had become indifferent to the religious change, they went to church by law or through tradition rather than any deep religious conviction
Act of Uniformity
Edwards book of common prayer in all churches, punishment if not
ambiguous communion
church returns to running prior to Edwards 1549 act of uniformity
fined if you didn’t go to church- 1 shilling which was too expensive for the poor to miss
what were you called if you missed church
recusant
Act of Supremacy
restore royal supremacy
Heresy laws under Mary are repealed
All of Henry’s law reinstated
Supreme governor
all clergy must swear an oath of allegiance and accept Liz’s title
ecclesiastical commission established to ensure changes are implemented on a parish level
Royal Injunctions
set of instructions to enforce acts
issued by BURGHLEY
Clergy had to teach these laws and denounce the Papal supremacy
catholic supremacy were banned
eucharist at table and images were allowed in church but there are restrictions
recusants denounced and reported
unlicenced preaching was forbidden
39 Articles
1563
set up rules of Anglican church- consolidation
Treason Act
1571
Denying royal supremacy can be punishable by death
recusancy fines introduced for catholics, removal of rosaries
Puritan pamphlets
1572
puritan printing presses are destroyed after critical pamphlets are published
Liz didn’t like the propaganda
Forbidding religious discussion among MPs
Elizabeth forbid this to happen without her permission, this prevented the development of religious factions
Recusancy fines
1581
fines increased to £20- impossible to pay
high treason to convert to Catholicism
More teason acts
1585
illegal to kill the queen (duh)
Punishable by death to help a catholic
any catholic priests ordained after 1559 were traitors- an attempt to diminish the influence of catholic priests
Act against seditious Secretaries
1593
authorities could execute anyone who was or suspect of being a sepratist
Elizabeth’s Middle Way
how Elizabeth’s appeased both catholics and protestants, features of this include: -the Queen being Supreme GOVERNER
-No prayers to saints but saints days can be celebrated
-services in English
-churches can be decorated, there can be music and priests should wear vestments
Catholic responses to the middle way
Northern Rebellion
Jesuits
Ridolfi, Throckmorton, Babington Plots
Recusants
Puritan response to the middle way
pamphlets
presbyterian movement
prophesying
vestarian controversy
Northern Rebellion
1569
Revolt of the Northern Earls
Reasons: anger at Elizabeth’s new man (alienation of those who preferred catholicism), religious grievances
Aims: remove Liz and replace her with MQS- marry MQS to duke of Norfolk
Involved: Earls of N’land and Westmoreland, encouraged by their wives (Anne Percy)
Events: Durham cathedral is stormed and mass is performed, revolt is stopped here
Jesuits
Began in 1574
catholic missionaries that arrived from abroad, they tried to convert people
Ridolfi Plot
1571
Duke of Norfolk, Roberto Ridolfi, Pope, Phillip of Spain, MQS (indirectly)
Failed as spies uncovered letters
Norfolk is executed, raids and arrests on catholics are undertaken
Throckmorton Plot
1583
Francis Throckmorton, MQS (indirectly), French/Spanish ambassadors
Plan for france to invade and free MQS, Phillip promises money and the Pope agrees
Walsingham discovers this plot and Throckmorton in tortured and executed, stricter rules for catholics
Babington Plot
1586
Anthony Babington, MQS, France (duke of Guise). This plan is supported by both the Pope and Phillip
Plan intercepted by Walsingham
Babington is hanged, drawn and quartered, mass arrest of Catholics and MQS is executed
beliefs (puritan)
eradication of “popish” superstitions
hard-line protestantism
Parliament (puritan)
Peter Turner and Anthony Cope were two presbyterian MPs who tried to introduce bills which would replace the book of common prayer, Liz rejected both
Puritan Pamphlets
pamphlets were anti book of common prayer, promoted the removal of bishops
Presbyterian movement
a type of puritan that believed the Church of England (CofE) needed fundamental structural and worship reforms, removal of Bishops and all clergy should be equal
Geographically narrow movement that some high officials saw as a chance to deter Catholicism
Grew in the 1580s but failed to make any significant reforms
Prophesying
secret puritan meeting that trained clergy and held prayer meetings, an attempt to prepare the next generation of puritans
Vestarian controversy
1566
conflict over vestments, puritans did not like them but the queen stood firm and refused to have them removed, even dismissed prominent clergy like Thomas Sampson who disagreed
as a response to this, Liz introduced her Advertisements
Elizabeth’s Advertisements
1566
re-enforced the vestments “one uniformity”
37 clergymen refused to sign and were fired
Publish Papal bulls
becomes illegal in 1571
John Whitgift
archbishop of canterbury
Whitgift’s articles
in an attempt to remove Presbyterianism, Whitgift introduced 3 articles
1. acknowledgement of royal supremacy
2. Acceptance that the prayer book was the Word of God
3. Acceptance of the 39 articles which confirmed the Word of God
(i think they were published in 1583)
Decline of puritanism
began in the late 1580s with the death of key advisors, such as Leicester, Mildmay and Walsingham who were its political supporters at court, publishment of the 1595 Lambeth articles were acceptable to both puritans and protestants to it was chill
excommunication of Elizabeth
1570
Execution of Catholic priests
4 executed in 1581 and 11 in 1582 (the laity were not treated too harshly)
Seminary preists
priests trained abroad who were sent to England to keep Catholicism alive
between 1580-85, 179 priest arrived in England
the society of Jesus began sending priest to England in 1580, these missions were largely unsuccessful since most nobles could retain their faith while the rest were ignored
Catholic Counter-reformations
sending the priests
