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Tudors History AQA A level > Henry VIII Society > Flashcards

Henry VIII Society Flashcards

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1
Q

Role of the nobility

A

Exert royal authority in areas, especially after rebellions

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2
Q

How did the role of the nobility change in Henry’s rule

A

Peerage increased (reached by royal successful service)
Lost their land to Henry who was gaining power

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3
Q

Important nobility

A

Duke of Norfolk
Edward Seymour
Duke of Suffolk

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4
Q

Who was Thomas Fiennes

A

In 1541 he was tried and convicted for the murder of a neighbours servant were he was then hanged like a common criminal
Thomas Darce, Lord Fiennes

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5
Q

Example of the nobility supporting war

A

Earl of Shrewsbury raised over 4,000 men for the invasion of France in 1513

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6
Q

Information about the gentry

A

Knighthoods were a sign of royal favour
Assumed they had the money to reflect the status
Increased in Henry’s reign

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7
Q

Historians theories on the Gentry

A

Guy = 5,000 gentry families in 1540
Susan Bridgen = 200 knight families in 1524
Increased in Henry’s rule (latter half)

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8
Q

Roles of Gentry

A

Administered laws in smaller areas and were support for the King
Aimed for their sons to have legal and administrative training to go on and become Lords/nobles

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9
Q

Commoners in Henry’s rule

A

Working class labourers
little chance of secure employment and owned very little

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10
Q

Role of Commoners in Henry’s reign

A

Working force
Government were scared of commoners because they had the motivations to revolt
Did not like the Amicable Grant (raised taxes) which almost caused a rebellion

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11
Q

Why did Henry create a different atmosphere among the nobles to his father

A

He believed in chivalry
warrior king
needed their support because his rule was much less peaceful than Henrys

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12
Q

Why did Henry reward loyalty

A

Support
encourages more to be loyal

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13
Q

Why did Henry ensure control in provincial areas

A

So Henry could have a unified England and further expand his influence

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14
Q

Why did Henry try and show generosity

A

to win the support of the people and prevent them from looking for another ruler

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15
Q

Why did Henry need the support from the nobility in going to war

A

Because without their approval of war they could revolt or rebel is the war failed or they lost
Pope called for a crusade and Henry needs their support and armies to win a war

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16
Q

Control of Wales in Henry’s rule

A

Separate territory from England at the time but was governed by Lordships and under English rules (ruling dynasty had Welsh origins)

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17
Q

What changed the laws in Wales?

A

1535 and 1542
Laws in Wales act
Earls now administrated Wales
Most of its culture was destroyed apart from the language

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18
Q

English Palatinates

A

Countries that had separate jurisdictions from the rest of the country
Lancashire, Durham and Cheshire
L and C had fallen back into royal control ages ago but Durham remained separate

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19
Q

What changed the situation in Durham

A

1536
Act of Resuming Liberties

20
Q

What council governed Wales

A

Council of Wales and Marches
Wales and the 4 bordering counties
seen as a benefit to live in because it had cheap, easy and local access to the law

21
Q

Scottish boarder

A

Very hard to govern
lawless
cold/hostile conditions
split to 3 marches and governed under a warden of lower birth or an outsider to the nation, as Henry believed a noble would abuse their power

22
Q

What was the first rebellion (ish) in Henry’s rule

A

The Amicable Grant
(did not develop into a full scale rebellion)

23
Q

When was the Amicable Grant rebellion

A

1525

24
Q

Who rebelled in the AG

A

Commoners/peasants
particularly the unemployed because they couldn’t pay the taxes at all

25
Q

Where did the AG happen

A

North Essex/south Suffolk
1000 amassed in at the boarder with a further 4000 resisting the taxation

26
Q

Suppression of the AG

A

Henry instructed the Dukes of Norfolk and Suffolk to deal with the rebels
Brought an army to fight but doubted the idea they would fight their own which the Dukes told Wolsey who then begged the King to pardon those who rebelled

27
Q

What did the AG rebellion signify

A

Henry could not operate in defiance of the taxpaying classes because they would rebel

28
Q

Aftermath of the AG

A

leaders were treated leniently
Henry made out that it was not his doing and blamed the passing of the Grant on Wolsey
The grant was no longer collected

29
Q

Reasons for the Lincolnshire rebellion

A

Duke of Suffolk is put in place as great magnate of Lincolnshire which sparked the rebellion

30
Q

Who was Robert Aske

A

leader of the pilgrimage of Grace

31
Q

Reasons for the pilgrimage of grace (6)

A

Monasteries
fear for parish churches
Suffolk in Lincolnshire
Tenant’s grievances
court conspiracy
Resentment to taxation

32
Q

PG and Monasteries

A

Robert Aske supported monasteries and many mourned the loss of the charity and education from them
The fear that the North would become less powerful/impoverished by the fall of monastic lands into the hands of southerners

33
Q

PG and Parish churches

A

People were scared that many traditional catholic practices would be lost
royal injunctions
pilgrimages
Many parishes were amalgamated

34
Q

PG and Tenants

A

one of the reasons for the mass of support and strength of the rebellion was due to tenant’s grievances

35
Q

PG and court conspiracy

A

the theory that a conspiracy was created by the supporters of Catherine of Aragon who capitalised on northern discontent

36
Q

PG and Taxes

A

resentment of taxation and other economic grievances were all expressed in the revolt

37
Q

Lincolnshire rebellion

A

1536

38
Q

Pilgrimage of Grace

A

1536

39
Q

renewal of pilgrimage

A

1537

40
Q

how was the Lincolnshire revolt supressed

A

collapsed quickly after Suffolk arrived with his forces

41
Q

Where did the pilgrimage capture

A

occupied Hull, York and Pontefract castle

42
Q

How was the pilgrimage originally stopped

A

Norfolk arrived with forces but was outnumbered so he tried talks instead which resulted in the Pontefract articles and the overall promise that the King would restore monasteries

43
Q

What stopped with second pilgrimage uprising

A

Rebellion renewed in 1537 where Norfolk met their forces with violence and the martial law; 74 rebels were hanged and others taken for a trail and then executed

44
Q

Impact of the Pilgrimage of Grace

A

Did not stop the religious progression of England but it did scare Henry, he had ignored warnings of an increased resentment in the area and was lucky Norfolk was successful

45
Q

Pontefract articles

A

set of rebel demands given to Norfolk
grievances were chaotic and ranged from minor to major and general to specific places
there was anger at Cromwell and his circle
Range of issues ranging from those of ordinary people to clergy
ALSO wanted parliament to be held in York which implies that they also had regional grievances

46
Q

How did English society change and with what effects?

A

due to the reformation, there was a lot of fear surrounding the future of parish churches and other religious issues
increased enclosure- unpopular and led to revolts
most threatening Tudor revolt took place

Tudors History AQA A level (27 decks)

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