Relations with indigenous people (1857-1890) Flashcards
When was the Indian Mutiny
1857
What were the causes of the Indian Mutiny
- Cartridges of the new Enfield rifles greased with animal fat which offended religious sensibilities
- anger felt by landlords and nobles who had been deprived of their lands by Dalhousie
Why was the Indian Raj not actually administered with a notion of ‘fairness’
legal systems imposed favoured the white man and were far too complex and expensive to help the poor particularly in matters of land tenure
Why ‘equality and opportunity’ also lacking in the British Raj
provided an education for some of the wealthiest Indians who formed the new professional classes but it did little for the mass of peasants and even those with education found it hard to obtain promotions beyond the lower ranks of the colonial bureaucracy
What were the drawbacks of the Indian Raj
-British built railways but these were geared to needs of control and trade; most villages lacked even mud roads
-British offered markets for Indian agricultural products but this encouraged specialisation in the higher-value-cash-crops (rice and wheat) at the cost of lower value grains
-British developed schemes for irrigation and land improvements but these only took place where they supported British commercial interests and affected only 6% of land
-provided Indians schools and universities- only the privileged few could benefit; illiteracy remained widespread
-provided jobs for Indians- on the railways, in the army, the police, civil service and as clerks BUT only miniority of Indians could obtain these jobs
poverty continued
What were the results of Viceroy Canning’s tour of India
- some land and titles were returned to native Indians
- star of India medals were introduced
- positions in either the Imperial Assembly or Statutory Civil Service posts were shared amongst the Indian nobility
- more educational establishments teaching in English were opened
Where were universities established
Bombay, Calcutta and Madras
How many Indians entered universities by 1887
60,000 Indians
When did the British annex Basutoland
1868
When did the British take West Griqualand
1871
How many Griqua trekked eastwards to establish Griqualand East in 1873
2000
When did the British annex Griqualand East
1874
When was the Xhosa War
1877-78
What was the nature of the Xhosa War
-British easily disarmed neighbouring tribesmen and annexed their communities to the Cape
When did the British invade Zululand
January 1879
