Inter-war Nationalism (not India) Flashcards
When did the Irish threat begin and end
1919-1921
What the nature of the Irish nationalism fighting
Guerrilla warfare
When was the Easter Rising
1916
When was the Irish Home Rule suspended
1914- for the duration of the war
What was the name of the Southern pro-independence group in Ireland
Sinn Fein
Who organised the Easter Rising
the Sinn Fein
How many seats did the Sinn Fein win in the 1918 general elections
73 seats
When did the Sinn Fein establish an Irish assembly in Dublin
1919
Why did the Sinn Fein establish an Irish assembly
due to frustrations caused by the delays to the Irish home rule
Who did the IRA start a guerrilla war against
The Black and Tans
Who were the Black and Tans
force of temporary policemen who were recruited to assist the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC)- many were British WW1 veterans
When did the Irish conflict end
1921
What was the nature of the Anglo-Irish treaty
created the Irish Free State as a self-governing Dominion within the British Empire
Who refused to accept the Anglo-Irish treaty
Eamon de Valera- one of the principal Irish leaders
Why did de Valera refuse to accept the Anglo-Irish treaty
as it wasn’t a republic and it involved splitting the country
When were de Valera and the republics finally defeated
1923
When did the Irish gain full independence
1948
When did rioting break out in Egypt
1919
Why did rioting start in Egypt in 1919
against British occupation after the British exiled Saad Zaghdul nationalist leader
What was the nature of the Egyptian riotings
- attacks on British military personnel and civilians
- infrastructure destroyed
- 800 Egyptians killed
What did the British do to curb the violence in Egypt
gave minor concessions to nationalists
When was Egypt granted formal independence
1922- following the ‘Milner report’
What was decided about Sudan following Egyptian formal independence
British refused to recognise full Egyptian sovereignty over Sudan or to withdraw al its forces
What caused violence in Iraq from 1920
conflicting nationalists movements
What was the nature of the nationalists uprisings in Iraq from 1920
widespread demonstrations against British rule and intensified after treaty of 1922
When was the Cairo Conference
1921
What did the Cairo Conference grant
limited self-government to Iraq
When was the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty
1922
What did the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty confirm
confirmed Faisal I of the Hashemite dynasty as King but senior British advisors also appointed to most government departments- ensure British control over Iraqi affairs
When was fuller independence granted to Iraq
1932
What did Britain retain control over following Iraqi independence
retained control over oil industry
How many Jewish settlers migrated to Palestine in 1926
150,000
How much of the total population did Jewish settlers make up by 1936
400,000 (1/3 of total population)
How many deaths were there in Palestine during 1929 riots
200 deaths
What caused the Arab revolt of 1936
influx of Jews
How did the British act in the Arab Revolt
burned villages and detained thousands of subjects
What was the name of the underground Jewish milita
haganah
How much was Jewish immigration in Palestine restricted to
15,000 per year for 5 years
When was the National Congress of West Africa formed
1919
Who formed the National Congress of West Africa
political activists from Nigeria, Gambia, Sierra Leone and the Gold Coast
What group dominated the National Congress of West Africa
European-educated elite
When did rail strikes occur in Sierra Leone
1919 and 1926
When did rail strikes occur in Nigeria
1921
When was the West African Students Union formed
1925
Name a prominent figure who was part of the West African Students Union
Kwame Nkrumah
Why did West African nationalism not spread that much during the 1920s
nationalists remained outnumbers by appointed African chiefs on legislative councils
How did WW2 accelerate the growth of nationalism in West Africa
brought greater economic development to West Africa
When was the African National Congress founded
1912
what did the African National Congress change its name to in 1925
South African National Congress
Who were the South African National Congress inspired by
Indian nationalism in adopting passive resistance
When and who founded the East African Association
1921- Jomo Kenyatta and Harry Thuku
What did the East African Association campaign for
African rights and representation
When was the Kikuyu Central Association formed
early 1930s
How did the economic depression contribute to the development of nationalism in Africa
it fuelled discontent- encouraging formations of many new mass membership organisations and their advocacy of self government (e.g Nigerian Youth Movement 1934)
When was Thuku imprisoned/released
1922/1931
When did the Singapore Malay Union begin organising Anti-British strike and riots
1926
How was nationalist organisations in Burma divided
Buddhist vs secular Burma
Why did rioting break out in the 1920s in Burma
Burma was excluded from reform that had taken place in India (from where Burma was governed)
How did the British respond to the rioting in Burma
extended dyarchy to Burma in 1921
Who did Burmese nationalists attack in the 1930s riots
Britons and Indians living in Burma
How many troops did Britain send into Malaya to police the reigon
40,000
When was the Government of Burma act
1937
What was the nature of the Government of Burma Act
separated Burma from India and extended its self-government considerably
foreign affairs and finance remained under British control- deepening Anti-colonial feeling
