british attitudes (1857-1890) Flashcards
Which party in Britain was the ‘party of empire’ by the 1870s
conservatives
who made the crystal palace speech
Disraeli
when was the crystal palace speech
1872
what was said in the crystal palace speech
no minister in this country will do his duty who neglects any opportunity of reconstructing as amuch as possible our colonial empire
the second great object of the Tory party was the maintenance of the empire
why did disraeli become so enthusiastic about empire
to win support from an electorate that had been enlarged following the 1867 reform act
what did Gladstone believe in terms of empire
Britain needed to avoid new acquisitions and concentrate on developing existing colonies to help them towards self government
what did Gladstone distinguish between
distinguished between ‘imperialism’ and ‘empire’
what was Gladstone’s opinion on Disraeli’s ‘imperialism’
believed Disraeli’s ‘imperialism’ talk was dangerous and could lead to ‘jingoism’
what is ‘jingoism’
empire-related patriotism which encouraged and celebrated British imperial gains and boasted about Britain’s power
when and where did Disraeli buy £4 million worth of shares
Suez canal in 1875
what was the Royal Titles Act
it bestowed the title ‘Empress of India’ on Queen Victoria
when was the Royal Titles Act passed
1877
what was the point of the Royal Titles Act
to embed British rule over India
who did Disraeli appoint as Viceroy of India in 1877
Robert Lytton
when did the British invade Afghanistan
November 1878
why did Lytton launch an invasion of Afghanistan
- consolidate and expand their control of the Raj
- Great Game- Russia had taken over Turkmeninstan in Feb 1878 so the British were scared of Russia encroaching into their buffer zone
how many Russian soldiers were seen in Afghan before the British decided to invade
3,000
how many soldiers to the British-Indian troops lose during Afghan invasion
almost 10,000 losses
what does the invasion of Afghanistan show about British governmental attitudes of empire
still concerned about expanding their empire and saw empire as a tool to assert influence and power over not only the natives but also other european powers
when did the first boer war occur
between 1880-1881
who started the first boer war and why
the Transvaal Boers wanted to throw off British control and declare their independence
where and when were the British defeated during the First Boer War
at Majuba Hill in Feb 1881
following their defeat at Majuba Hill what did Gladstone decide to do
Gladstone decided not commit further troops, time or money to uphold Disraeli’s ambition for British hegemony over South Africa
What does hegemony mean
dominance by one state over others in the region
