Economics Inter-war years

Question 1

Which mandates did Britain control as a result of League of Nations

Answer 1

Palestine, Transjordan, Iraq, parts of Cameroon, Togo and Tanganyika

Question 2

When did Britain return to gold standard

Answer 2

1925

Question 3

What initiatives did the British set up post WW1 to try and normalise trade

Answer 3

Empire Development Parliamentary Committee (1920)
Empire Development Union (1922)
Empire Industries Association (1924)

Question 4

When was the Empire Marketing Board set up

Answer 4

1926

Question 5

How much money a year was allocated to the Empire Marketing Board

Answer 5

£1 million

Question 6

What was the purpose of the Empire Marketing Board

Answer 6

to promote the sale of imperial products

Question 7

Who wrote the Dual Mandate book

Answer 7

Fredrick Lugard

Question 8

What was the argued in the Dual Mandate book

Answer 8

argued that Britain had a duty to both develop colonies’ resources but also prevent exploitation of the natives

Question 9

How much in loans was given to East Africa and Palestine in 1926

Answer 9

£10 million

Question 10

When was the first Colonial Development Act

Answer 10

1929

Question 11

What was the nature of the first Colonial Development Act

Answer 11

established a fund that colonies could draw on to fund their own commercial ventures (as colonies grew richer so would the strength of the empire and the intra-imperial trade)

Question 12

Why did the Colonial Office created the Overseas Settlement Committee in 1919

Answer 12

to promote imperial emigration

Question 13

When did Parliament pass the Empire Settlement Act

Answer 13

1922

Question 14

How much a year did the government commit to empire migration

Answer 14

£3 million

Question 15

By 1929 how many people migrated to imperial destinations

Answer 15

67%

Question 16

What does the investment in promoting imperial migration show

Answer 16

to send British people out to colonies/dominions to ensure friendly attitude in those places which would help economics of Empire- these feelings would result in prosperous relationship

Question 17

When was Geddes Axe

Answer 17

1922

Question 18

How much was the defence budget cut by

Answer 18

42% in one year

Question 19

How much was civil service numbers cut by

Answer 19

35%- mostly the female staff hired during the war

Question 20

How big was the surplus of the balance of trade in British manufacturers with Empire as a whole

Answer 20

£262 million

Question 21

What percentage of British exports was Empire taking between 1925 and 1929

Answer 21

37.2%

Question 22

When was the wall street crash

Answer 22

October 1929

Question 23

How much did British exports to China fall by between 1929 and 1936

Answer 23

Fell from £71.25 million to £300,000

Question 24

How much did British of cotton to India fall by between 1929 and 1931

Answer 24

Fell from 1,248 million square yards to 276 million square yards

Question 25

How much did Britain’s overall share of imports to India fall by between 1928/9 and 1932/3

Answer 25

fell from 75% to 48%

Question 26

When was the Ottawa Conference

Answer 26

1932

Question 27

What was decided in the Ottawa Conference

Answer 27

• British introduced 10% tax on all imports but exempt crown colonies
• Britain’s and dominions gave each other’s exports preferential treatment

Question 28

How much did Cocoa imports from empire increase by between 1913 and 1934

Answer 28

50% to 90%

Question 29

How much did raw cotton imports from empire increase by between 1913 and 1934

Answer 29

3% to 17%

Question 30

Which country did India’s cotton textiles go to first

Answer 30

Japan

Question 31

What was the Sterling Area

Answer 31

Britain brought the whole of the Empire with the exception of Canada into a bloc where the pound sterling replaced gold as the monetary standard
countries used the pound sterling as a common currency for the purposes of foreign exchange dealing

Question 32

How much did WW1 cost Britain

Answer 32

£36 million

Question 33

How much did the British have to borrow from the USA after WW1

Answer 33

$4 billion

Question 34

How much did British exports to empire increase by between 1913 and 1934

Answer 34

37% to 44%

Question 35

When was the Roca-Runciman pact

Answer 35

1933

Question 36

What was the nature of the Roca-Runciman pact

Answer 36

allowed Argentina to keep almost all of its pre-Ottawa share of the British market for chilled beef in return for interests and dividends from the large British investment in the country’s railways and utilities

Question 37

When was the Statue of Westminster

Answer 37

1931

Question 38

How much did India contribute to WW1

Answer 38

almost £146 million

Question 39

Why were New Zealand and Australia hit hard by the disruption of trade caused by the war

Answer 39

exporters of food relied heavily on the British market

Question 40

Under what act was the Sterling Area formalised

Answer 40

Exchange Control Act 1947