Reiter 2 Flashcards
Cartilage type determined by composition of
_______ and ______.
- matrix components
- fiber type
Cartilage is ______ (nutrients and waste via diffusion)
avascular
(in prichondrium) synthesize ECM
Chondroblasts
(in lacunae) synthesize and maintain ECM
Chondrocytes
glycoaminoglycans (polysaccharides) and proteoglycans (glycosylated proteins)
Extracellualar matrix
Collagen and elastic describe types of _____.
Fibers
- Most common
- Articular surfaces of joints, trachea and bronchi, end of ribs and epiphyses of long bones
- forms supporting structure for nose
Hyaline cartilage
several chondrocytes in one lacuna
Isogenous nests (IS)
- Least common
- External ear (auricle), external auditory canal, eustachian tube, epiglottis, cuneiform cartilage of larynx
- Abundant elastic fibers (requires special stain)
- Strong and highly flexible
Elastic cartilage
- Combination of hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue; lacks typical perichondrium
- Intervertebral discs and pubic symphysis
Fibrocartilage
All cartilage growth occurs as a result of the synthesis of matrix by chondroblasts and chondrocytes. Chondroblasts cause _______. Chondrocytes cause _______.
- appositional growth
- interstitial growth
Varieties of bones
- Long bone (humerus)
- Short bone (trapezoid)
- Flat bone (sternum)
- Irregular bone (vertebra)
- Sesamoid bone (patella)
All the bones of the face and skull are
______.
flat bones
Flat bones, short bones, irregular bones
and sesamoid bones use the same process
of formation, called _______; long bones form by _______.
- intramembranous formation
- endochondral formation
Haversian system (basic unit of compact bone)
Osteon
Calcified extracellular material
Bone matrix
Three cell types
- Osteoblasts (osteoid formation)
- Osteocytes (bone maintenance)
- Osteoclasts (bone destruction)
Osteoblasts locate
in _______.
periosteum/endosteum
Osteocytes survive
in ______; communicate
via ______.
- Lacunae
- canaliculi
______ is always between layers of dense bone and
never on the surface of bone
Spongy or cancellous bone
Spongy bone made up of _______; space between these is occupied by bone marrow.
spicules (trabeculae)
Bone is _____, unlike cartilage.
vascularized