Lam 1 Flashcards
Chemical make up, molecular configuration
Chemical name
Proprietary (brand) name adopted by a manufacturer
Trade name (patented)
Non-proprietary name assigned and approved by the United States Adopted Name Council.
Generic name (official)
What the body does to the drug, affects time to onset of effect, intensity, and duration
Pharmcokinetics
A.D.M.E.
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
What the drug does to the body, interaction (ion channels, etc.), effector mechanisms, dose-response
Pharmacodynamics
Drug and Action for Bronchospasm (Severe Allergic Reaction)
- Epinephrine
- a and B adrenergic receptor agonist
Drug and Action for Mild Allergic Reaction
- Diphenhydramine
- Histamine blocker
Drug and Action for Angina
- Nitroglycerin
- Vasodilator
Drug and Action for Bronchospasm (Mild Asthma)
- Albuterol (bronchodilator)
- Selective B2-adrenergic receptor agonist
Does drug create new biological effects?
No
Drugs (indirectly/directly) stimulate or suppress cellular function.
Directly
Drugs enhance or block action of an _______ or another foreign compound.
endogenous ligand
Affected by affinity of drug to target
Potency
Affected by ability of drug-target interaction to initiate a response
Efficacy
Dose or concentration needed to produce E50 (50% of max. response or Emax)
Potency
The lower the dose or concentration, the _____ the potency.
Greater
Magnitude of response
Efficacy
Drug producing _____ maximal effect is more efficacious.
greater
Activates mu receptor and produces maximum biological response
Full agonist
Submaximal response
Partial agonist
Does response curve shifted to right
Competitive antagonist
Opposite response
Inverse agonist
Reduction in response to a drug, shift of dose-response curve to right
Drug tolerance
Pharmacodynamic basis for altered drug response
- Decrease in receptor number
- Decrease in efficiency of signal transduction system
Pharmacokinetic basis for altered drug response
- Increased metabolism
- Increased dose
Shift dose response curve to left
- Decreased ED50
- Increased potency
Additive effect
combined effect = sum of individual effect
Synergistic effect
combined effect > sum of individual effect
Therapeutic Index
TD50/ED50, safety margin
Therapeutic dose in 50% of individuals
Median ED50
Toxic dose in 50% of individuals
Median TD50
