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Exam 1: DHHD 5002 > Bhattacharya 1 > Flashcards

Bhattacharya 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The neck is a constriction that connects the structures of the head and the trunk and is surrounded by a _______.

A

musculofascial collar

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2
Q

What are the compartments that the neck is divided into by fascia?

A
  1. Vertebral compartment
  2. Neuro-vascular
    compartment
  3. Visceral Compartment
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3
Q

Consists of:

a. Pharynx
b. Larynx
c. Esophagus
d. Trachea
e. Thyroid
f. Parathyroid glands

A

Visceral Compartment

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4
Q

Superior boundary

A
  1. Mandibular symphysis
  2. Body and angle of the
    mandible
  3. Mastoid process
  4. Occipital bone
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5
Q

Inferior Boundary

A
  1. Superior thoracic aperture
    a. Suprasternal (jugular)
    notch
    b. First rib (covered
    anteriorly by clavicle
    c. Junction between C7 and
    T1
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6
Q

Boundaries of the posterior triangle

A

a. Anterior - sternocleidomastoid muscle
b. Posterior - trapezius muscle
c. Inferior - middle third of the
clavicle

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7
Q

Skeletal landmark of the posterior triangle

A

Transverse process of the cervical vertebrae

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8
Q

Boundaries of the anterior triangle

A

a. Posterior - anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
b. Anterior - midline of the neck
c. Superior - inferior border of the mandible

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9
Q

Skeletal and other landmarks of the anterior triangle

A

a. Hyoid bone
b. Thyroid cartilage
(1) Thyroid notch - V-shaped
(2) Laryngealprominence
(3) Lamina of thyroid cartilage
c. Cricoid cartilage
d. Rings of the trachea
e. Thyroid gland

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10
Q

Structure at C3

A

Hyoid bone

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11
Q

Structure at disk between C3 and C4

A

Bifurcation of the common carotid artery

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12
Q

Structure at C4 and C5

A

Thyroid cartilage

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13
Q

Structure at C6

A
  1. cricoid cartilage
  2. beginning of esophagus
  3. beginning of trachea
  4. vertebral artery enters transverse foramen
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14
Q

Structure at C7

A
  1. isthmus of thyroid gland

2. highest point of the thoracic duct

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15
Q

Superficial structures

A
  • Skin

- Platysma muscle

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16
Q
  1. A muscle of facial expression

2. Contained within the superficial fascia

A

Platysma Muscle

17
Q

Origin of platysma muscle

A

fascia covering superior part of pectoralis major muscle (over the second rib)

18
Q

Insertion of the platysma muscle

A

perioral musculature associated with the lower lip and lower margin of the mandible

19
Q

Innervation of the platysma muscle

A

cervical branch of the facial nerve

20
Q

Cutaneous Nerves from Cervical Plexus:
a. Afferent fibers
b. Postganglionic sympathetic
fibers

A

Ventral rami of C1-C4

21
Q

Cutaneous Nerves from Cervical Plexus: Branches

A

a. Supraclavicular n.
b. Transverse cervical n.
c. Great auricular n.
d. Lesser occipital n.

22
Q

Formed by the union of the posterior division of the retromandibular vein and the posterior auricular vein.

A

External Jugular Vein

23
Q

The _______ lies behind or retro to the ramus of the mandible and lies under the cover of the parotid gland. It is formed by the union of the superficial temporal vein and the maxillary vein. These two veins drain the superficial temporal region and structures deep to the face, respectively.

A

retromandibular vein

24
Q

Near the inferior border of the mandible, the retromandibular vein divides into an anterior and a posterior division.
The posterior division joins with the posterior auricular vein, which drains the region around the ear, to form the ________.

A

external jugular vein

25
Q

The _______crosses superficially over the sternocleidomastoid muscle and penetrates the fascia on the roof of the posterior triangle of the neck. The blood vessel passes deep to the clavicle to drain into the subclavian vein.

A

external jugular vein

26
Q

a. The anterior division of the retromandibular vein combines with the facial vein, which drains the face, to form the common facial vein.
b. Vein passes deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle to empty into the internal jugular vein

A

Common facial vein

27
Q

a. Vein starts in the submental region, courses inferiorly, and travels deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle to empty into the external jugular vein.
b. May have a communicating branch with the common facial vein
c. Anterior jugular veins communicate in the suprasternal space forming the
jugular venous arch

A

Anterior jugular vein

28
Q
  1. Deep fascia that surrounds the neck
  2. Extent
    a. Encloses trapezius muscle posteriorly
    b. Forms roof of posterior cervical triangle
    c. Encloses sternocleidomastoid muscle
    d. Covers the anterior cervical triangle
A

Investing Fascia

29
Q

Anterior boundaries of the posterior triangle (origin and insertion)

A

Sternocleidomastoid muscle Origin: sternal and clavicular heads
Insertion: mastoid process

30
Q

Posterior boundaries of the posterior triangle (origin and insertion)

A

Trapezius muscle
Origin: external occipital protuberance
Insertion: spine of scapula and lateral third of clavicle

31
Q

Inferior boundary of the posterior triangle

A

Middle third of the clavicle

32
Q

Divided into two triangles by the inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle

  • Origin: Upper border of scapula
  • Insertion: hyoid bone
  • Intermediate tendon passes through a fascial sling attaching it to the clavicle
A

Subsidiary Triangles:

  1. Supraclavicular triangle
  2. Occipital triangle
33
Q

Supraclavicular triangle bounded by:

A

a. Clavicle
b. Inferior belly of omohyoid
c. Sternocleidomastoid

34
Q

Occipital triangle bounded by:

A

a. Sternocleidomastoid
b. Inferior belly of omohyoid
c. Trapezius

35
Q

Floor of the posterior triangle contains

A
  1. Prevertebral fascia
  2. Muscles of the floor
    of the triangle
36
Q

Muscles of the floor

of the triangle

A

a. Anterior scalene
b. Middle scalene
c. Posterior scalene
d. Levator scapulae
e. Others not
studied in this course

37
Q

Contents of the Posterior Triangle

A

A. Subclavian vessels and branches
B. Transverse cervical artery
C. Suprascapular artery
D. Trunks of the brachial plexus and branches

38
Q
  1. Branch of thyrocervical trunk of subclavian artery
  2. Artery generally divides into two branches
    a. Superficial branch passes out of the posterior triangle underneath the trapezius muscle which it supplies.
    b. Deep branch exits the triangle by passing between the posterior scalene and levator scapulae muscles and supplies the muscles of the back.
  3. Common variations
    a. Deep branch may arise separately off the second or third portion of the subclavian artery as the dorsal scapular and passes through the brachial plexus to reach the levator scapulae muscle.
    b. A typical transverse cervical artery with its two branches may be present in addition to the dorsal scapular artery
    c. The presence of these vessels may vary from one side of the body to the other
A

Transverse cervical artery

39
Q

Branch of the thyrocervical trunk. Passes deep along the border of the clavicle and passes over the superior border of the scapula to reach muscles associated with the shoulder

A

Suprascapular artery

Exam 1: DHHD 5002 (23 decks)

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