Nation 1 Flashcards
______ cell bodies are located WITHIN the CNS, while ______ cell bodies are located OUTSIDE the CNS.
- Preganglionic
- postganglionic
The autonomic nervous system consists of a ____ neuron chain.
Two
5 pathways for sympathetic innervation
- Innervation of body wall.
- Innervation of head.
- Innervation of thoracic viscera.
- Innervation of abdominal/pelvic viscera.
- Innervation to the adrenal medulla.
The intermediolateral cell column (IMLCC) is located only at vertebral levels ____ (L3).
T1-L2
______ fibers synapse in the sympathetic ganglia of the same vertebral level. ______ sympathetic fibers innervate the smooth muscle and glands of the body wall, upper, and lower limbs.
- Preganglionic
- Postganglionic
Preganglionic fibers ascend or descend the ______ to reach cervical, lower lumbar, or sacral levels.
sympathetic trunk
Sympathetic innervation to the head involves postganglionic “hitchhikers” on the ________. Preganglionic fibers ascend the _______ to reach the head.
- arterial supply
- sympathetic trunk
______ sympathetic fibers synapse in the superior, middle, or inferior cervical ganglia.
Preganglionic
______ sympathetic fibers associated with the viscera follow the arterial supply to innervate the smooth muscle and glands of the head and neck.
Postganglionic
After synapsing in the sympathetic ganglia, postganglionic fibers travel through ______ to innervate thoracic viscera.
visceral nerves
_____ contribute to the superficial and deep cardiac plexus, bronchial plexus, and esophageal plexus.
Visceral nerves
Preganglionic fibers travel through (thoracic and lumbar) ______ to innervate abdominal viscera.
splanchnic nerves
Preganglionic fibers synapse in ______ (celiac, superior/inferior mesenteric, aorticorenal ganglia)
prevertebral/collateral ganglia
Preganglionic sympathetic fibers directly innervate the ______.
adrenal medulla
The preganglionic parasympathetic neurons leave the brainstem via ______.
cranial nerves
Cell bodies of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons are located in the ______ (“Cranio” portion).
brainstem
Ganglion of cranial nerve III
Ciliary ganglion
Ganglion of cranial nerve VII
Submandibular ganglion and Pterygopalatine ganglion
Ganglion of cranial nerve IX
Otic ganglion
Ganglion of cranial nerve X
Terminal ganglion
Spinal preganglionic parasympathetic cell bodies are located in the ________ (S2-S4).
sacral parasympathetic nucleus
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers travel through _______ to reach the pelvic plexus.
pelvic splanchnic nerves
________ contribute to the pelvic plexus and innervate pelvic viscera.
Pelvic splanchnic nerves
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers synapse in ______ in or near the walls of the target organ.
terminal ganglia
Anatomically, the relative lengths of pre- and post- synaptic neurons differ between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Sympathetic preganglionic fiber is _____, while parasympathetic is _____.
Short, long
The autonomic nervous system contains ______ nerve fibers only.
These nerves ALSO contain afferent fibers traveling from the viscera towards the CNS. These afferent fibers are NOT apart of the ANS.
efferent
General _____ afferent fibers utilize the ventral ramus to enter into the spinal cord
somatic
General _____ afferent fibers (for pain) utilize the visceral and (thoracic/lumbar) splanchnic nerves to get into the CNS.
visceral
For ______, general visceral afferent fibers utilize the parasympathetic pathway to get to the spinal cord.
pelvic viscera
Cross-talk between general visceral afferent and general somatic afferent fibers results in ______.
referred pain
