Rehabilitation & Reconditioning Flashcards
Type of general trauma that refers to sudden episode of overload injury to a given tissue resulting in disrupted tissue integrity
Macrotrauma
Type of general trauma that results from repeated, abnormal stress applied to a tissue by continuous training or too little recovery; overuse injury
Micro trauma
Bone bruise; less severe than fracture
Bone contusion
Joint trauma involving complete displacement of the joint surfaces
Dislocation
Joint trauma involving partial displacement of the joint surfaces
Subluxation
Injury to ligament
Sprain
Partial tear of the ligament without increased joint instability
First degree sprain
Partial tear of the ligament with minor joint instability
2nd degree sprain
Complete tear of the ligament with full joint instability
3rd degree sprain
Direct trauma to the muscle
Contusion
Indirect trauma to the muscle
Muscle strain
A partial tear of the muscle with painful but STRONG muscle activity
First degree strain
A partial tear of the muscle with weak, painful muscle activity
2nd degree strain
A complete tear of the muscle w/ very weak, painless muscle activity
3rd degree strain
Inflammation of a tendon caused by overuse
Tendinitis
Degenerative condition of the tendon characterized by minimal inflammation and neovascularization
Tendinopathy
What are the 3 phases of tissue healing?
- Inflammatory Response
- Fibroblastic Repair
- Maturation-Remodeling
Which phase is characterized by pain, swelling, redness, decreased collagen synthesis, increased number of inflammatory cells, edema, and phagocytosis (release of macrophages)
Inflammatory response phase
Which phase is characterized by collagen fiber production, laying down of new collagen in random, unorganized pattern; inflammation has decreased but new tissue is still very weak
Fibroblastic Repair
Which phase is characterized by the proper alignment of the collagen fibers and increasing tissue strength
Maturation-Remodeling
Treatment goal: prevention of new tissue disruption and prolonged inflammation with the use of relative rest and passive modalities
Maintenance of cardiorespiratory function and surrounding neuroskeletal systems
What phase is this?
Inflammatory phase
Treatment goal: prevention of excessive muscle atrophy and joint deterioration of the injured area
Maintain function of the neuromusculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory systems
What phase is this?
Fibroblastic Repair phase
Treatment goal: Optimization of tissue function; application of appropriate loads to ensure proper collagen alignment; progressive loading of the neuromusculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory systems as indicated
What phase is this?
Maturation-Remodeling phase
What activities can be performed during the inflammatory phase?
No active exercise of the injured area
Cardio and resistance exercises involving unaffected limbs and surrounding areas can be performed
What activities can be performed during the fibroblastic Repair phase?
May begin to lightly load injured area; isometric exercises; sub-maximal (<50% 1RM) eccentric and concentric exercises
Balance and proprioceptive training activities
What activities can be performed during the Maturation-Remodeling phase?
Progressively increase the load of exercises begun in the fibroblastic phase.
Joint angle-specific strengthening, velocity-specific muscle activity, closed and open kinetic chain exercises, proprioceptive training
Activities should be sport-specific whenever possible
Protocol for Knight’s Daily Adjustable Progressive Resistive Exercise (DAPRE) protocol
1st set: 10 reps @ 50% 1RM
2nd set: 6 reps @ 75% 1RM
3rd: As many reps as possible @ 100% of estimated 1RM
4th: Adjust weight depending on how many reps were achieved in 3rd set
Which two exercises are recommended for the reduction of lower body injury risk?
1) proper jumping and landing technique during plyometric exercises
2) Unilateral strength exercises such as Single Leg squat
