Missed Questions

Question 1

During oxidative phosphorylation, what is the net amount of ATP produced (assuming 2 ATP are consumed during the process)?

Answer 1

1 glucose –> 40 total ATP, 38 net ATP

Question 2

What are the time considerations for assessing local muscular endurance?

Answer 2

10-120 seconds

Question 3

What comprises long, thin chains of proteins that are arranged into sarcomeres and responsible for muscle contraction?

Answer 3

Myofibrils

Question 4

What does the QRS complex represent on an EKG?

Answer 4

Depolarization of the ventricles

Question 5

What is the basic function of allosteric Binding sites?

Answer 5

Allosteric Binding sites allow substances other than hormones to bind to a receptor and increase or decrease the activity of the primary hormone

Question 6

What are the stages of general adaptation syndrome?

Answer 6

1. Alarm 2. Resistance (positive adaptation seen) 3. Exhaustion (over-training)

Question 7

What muscle fiber type has the greatest capacity for force production and hypertrophy?

Answer 7

Type IIb - fast glycolytic

Function in high force, explosive type movements

Question 8

What are the areas of training an athlete should focus on first when returning from an injury before resuming concentric strength training

Answer 8

Flexibility –> eccentric strength –> concentric strength

Question 9

What is the primary function of the sarcolemma?

Answer 9

To conduct electrical signals via transduction signaling the release of Ca ions

Question 10

What 2 sites are used in skin fold measurements for high school females?

Answer 10

suprailiac and triceps

Question 11

What 2 sites are used in skin fold measurements for high school males?

Answer 11

thigh and subscapular

Question 12

When evaluating athlete readiness for engaging in a plyometric program, what are the primary considerations?

Answer 12

Strength, technique, balance, speed

Question 13

What determines the energy systems used during a training session?

Answer 13

Session duration

Question 14

The series elastic component of the stretch-shortening cycle is primarily concerned with what structure?

Answer 14

Tendons; involves the capacity of tendons to store and released elastic energy in response to a rapid stretching action

Question 15

What is the difference between interval and repetition training?

Answer 15

Repetition training usually involves shorter more higher intensity intervals, lasting 30-90 seconds and focuses on increasing anaerobic power vs. aerobic power/endurance

Question 16

During the inflammatory phase, what type of training can be undertaken by the athlete?

Answer 16

Maintain strength and endurance in adjacent, non-affected muscles

Question 17

Resistance training with high volume and brief rest periods will most heavily affect which hormone: Cortisol, testosterone, or growth hormone?

Answer 17

Human growth hormone

Question 18

How many pyruvate molecules result from anaerobic glycolysis?

Answer 18

2

1 glucose –> 2 Pyruvate –> Acetyl Coenzyme A –> Krebs cycle

Question 19

What is the correct distance for placement of weight trees from lifting equipment?

Answer 19

36 inches

Question 20

What is the suggested square footage recommendation for the stretching area per athlete?

Answer 20

49 sq feet

Question 21

What are the 3 primary functions of hemoglobin?

Answer 21

1. Transport O2
2. Transport C02 (back to lungs)
3. Acid base buffer (accepts H+ ions)

Question 22

Which action is the pulmonary division of the arterial system responsible for?

Answer 22

Pumps deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

Question 23

Which action is the systemic division of the arterial system responsible for?

Answer 23

Pumps oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues and returns deoxygenated blood from tissues back to the heart

Question 24

A type of cross training that requires an anaerobic athlete to train aerobically for a period to help facilitate recovery from prior training sessions

Answer 24

Combination training

Question 25

How many cervical vertebrae?

Answer 25

7

Question 26

How many thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 26

12

Question 27

How many lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 27

5

Question 28

How many sacral vertebrae?

Answer 28

5

Question 29

When developing speed-endurance, what component of the training program must be considered to improve this specifically? Training volume Training frequency Exercise relief patterns (work:rest ratio)

Answer 29

Exercise relief patterns

Question 30

What training adaptation to aerobic training increases the end-diastolic volume? Right ventricle hypertrophy Left ventricle hypertrophy Right atrium hypertrophy

Answer 30

Left ventricle hypertrophy

Question 31

When an athlete is described as being in the zone during competition, what is this state called?

Answer 31

Ideal performance state

Question 32

When an athlete is lifting maximal or near maximal loads throughout a training cycle, what is the most effective method for maintaining progress and balancing training stress? Varying training volume Varying training load intensity Block training

Answer 32

Varying training load intensity (have a mix of heavy and light days throughout the week)

Question 33

What is the best order to perform the following tests? 1RM Squat Pro agility test Pull up test 110 m sprint

Answer 33

Pro agility, 1RM Squat, 110 m sprint, pull up test

Question 34

During muscular contraction, which section of the sarcomere does not move?

Answer 34

A Band - represents the entire length of the myosin filament

Question 35

When transitioning to pre-season training, what modifications should be made to the training parameters? Decrease training load intensity Increase training volume Decrease training volume

Answer 35

Decrease training load intensity

Question 36

When training an athlete with a weakness in a small muscle group, what type of movement should be prescribed?

Answer 36

Isolation movement

Question 37

What areas of the body does sarcopenia most greatly affect?

Answer 37

Lower limb extensors and trunk extensors

Question 38

Describe shoulder extension vs. flexion

Answer 38

Shoulder flexion = raising the arm in front over the body and overheard Shoulder extension = raising the arm behind the body

Question 39

How much protein should a young person consume vs an older person after a workout?

Answer 39

Young person: 20-25 g Older person: 40-45 g with high leucine content

Question 40

How many grams of ATP does the body store at any one given time?

Answer 40

80-100 g

Question 41

What is the mechanism that is thought to be responsible for the increase in peak power when using resistance bands, especially during compound movements like the barbell back squat? Post activation potentiation effect Isokinetic muscle effect Constant external load effect

Answer 41

Post activation potentiation effect

Question 42

What is the recommended V02max intensity for LSD training (long slow distance)?

Answer 42

70% Vo2 max

Question 43

What type of athlete would be ideal for the use of single-set training in a weightlifting program?

Answer 43

Those new to resistance training or in their first few months of resistance training

Question 44

An athlete performs depth jumps as a part of their training program. What is the ideal resting time between sets?

Answer 44

2-3 mins

Question 45

During evaluation of the sport, what 3 analyses should occur?

Answer 45

Movement analysis, physiological analysis, injury analysis

Question 46

What is considered to be sea level?

Answer 46

< 500 ft above sea level

Question 47

What is considered to be low altitude?

Answer 47

500-2000 ft above sea level

Question 48

What is considered to be moderate altitude?

Answer 48

2000-3000 ft above sea level

Question 49

What is the DeLorne style of programming?

Answer 49

3 sets of 10 reps (light to heavy resistance): 50% 10RM, 75% 10RM, 100% 10RM

Question 50

What is the Oxford style of programming?

Answer 50

3 sets of 10 reps (heavy to light resistance) 100% 10RM, 75% 10RM, 50% 10RM

Question 51

What is Knight's DAPRE style of programming?

Answer 51

4 sets ranging from 10 reps to 1 rep and from 50%, to 75%, to 100% 1RM

Question 52

During which phase of rehabilitation can open chain kinetic exercises be used?

Answer 52

Maturation-remodeling phase

Question 53

When designing an aerobic endurance program for an athlete, what is the correct order of design variables (ex. duration, intensity, frequency etc?)

Answer 53

Mode, frequency, intensity, duration, progression

Question 54

What is the function of the pulmonary valve?

Answer 54

Prevents backflow of blood from the pulmonary arteries into the right ventricle

Question 55

Which muscle is an antagonist during the concentric portion of a squat? Glutes Vastus lateralis Soleus Iliopsoas

Answer 55

Iliopsoas (Hip flexors)

Question 56

What is the A band within a sarcomere

Answer 56

Corresponds to the length of the myosin filament and where it also overlaps with actin Includes both myosin and actin

Question 57

Which structure delivers blood to the lungs from the right ventricle?

Answer 57

Pulmonary arteries

Question 58

What structure delivers oxygenated blood from the lungs to the right atria?

Answer 58

Pulmonary veins

Question 59

What structure delivers deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atria?

Answer 59

Superior and inferior vena cavae

Question 60

What structure delivers oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body?

Answer 60

Aorta

Question 61

What does calcitonin do and where is it produced?

Answer 61

Decreases blood calcium levels; produced in thyroid gland

Question 62

What does parathyroid hormone do?

Answer 62

Increases blood calcium levels

Question 63

90% Vo2max = ____% HRR And is max HR lower or higher than this percentage?

Answer 63

90% HRR Max HR will be higher than this (~96%)

Question 64

How much knee flexion should there be in the bottom Leg (when it's extended) on a stationary bike?

Answer 64

25-30 degrees

Question 65

For deceleration drills: Novice athletes should run at ___speed and stop within ___ steps Intermediate athletes should run at ___speed and stop within ___steps Advanced athletes should run at _____speed and stop within ___steps

Answer 65

Novice: half speed; 3 steps Intermediate: 3/4 speed, 5 steps Advanced: max speed; 7 steps

Question 66

How should the knees be positioned differently in the semi-leg straddles vs. the semi straddle (figure 4) and straddle (spread eagle)?

Answer 66

Knees will be slightly bent at 30-50 degrees in the semi-leg straddle since this mostly stretches the erector spinae; they will be mostly straight in the other two stretches which stretch the hamstrings more

Question 67

You're performing athletic testing outside in the heat. It's over 90 degrees. What should the humidity be in order to proceed with the test?

Answer 67

Zero humidity

Question 68

How long have beginner, intermediate, and advanced athletes been training for?

Answer 68

Beginner: less than 2 months, 1-2 sessions per week Intermediate: 2-6 months, 1-3 sessions per week Advanced: 1 year or longer, at least 3 sessions per week

Question 69

How long should you keep liability documents if unsure of the statue of limitations in your state?

Answer 69

Indefinitely

Question 70

Where should you stand when performing PNF groin stretch on athlete?

Answer 70

Standing/kneeling behind them

Question 71

If short on time, what are the 3 directions you should test when performing the Star Excursion Balance Test?

Answer 71

Anteromedial, medial, and posteromedial

Question 72

What does volume typically refer to in a given training session?

Answer 72

The total amount of weight lifted in that session

Question 73

How many personnel are required for each of the following tests? 1 RM Bench Press Power Clean Standing Long Jump 300 yard shuttle

Answer 73

1RM Bench = 2 (spotter and recorder) Power Clean & Long Jump = 1 (recorder) 300 shuttle = 3 (timer + 2 line judges)

Question 74

What is the correct way to measure the girth of the upper arm?

Answer 74

Arm abducted to 90 degrees, supinated (palm facing up)

Question 75

How long should athletes be given to rest during a 1 RM test after the warm-up set, the first 3-5 rep attempt, and a near maximal or maximal attempt?

Answer 75

Light resistance warm-up set: 1 min First heavier set of 3-5 reps: 2 min Near maximal or maximal set: 2-4 min

Question 76

True or False: Single sets when used with sufficient load can increase muscle strength and hypertrophy (although may not be suited for well-trained athletes)

Answer 76

True

Question 77

What is the length of a microcycle, mesocycle, and macrocycle?

Answer 77

Microcycle: few days - 2 weeks Mesocycle: 2-6 weeks Macrocycle: several months - 1 year