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A-Level PE Anatomy And Physiology > Rehabilitation Of Injuries > Flashcards

Rehabilitation Of Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

Define rehabilitation

A

A programme designed to enable the athlete to return to sport with full function in the shortest time possible

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2
Q

What does rehabilitation involve (4 things)

A
  1. Restoring strength
  2. Restoring flexibility
  3. Restoring power
  4. Restoring endurance
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3
Q

Name 3 issues that occur without an effective training plan

A
  1. Prone to re-injury of the area
  2. Incapable at performing at pre injury state
  3. Predisposed to injury of another body part
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4
Q

Name the four stages of a rehabilitation programme

A
  1. Initial
  2. Intermediate
  3. Advanced
  4. Return to sport
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5
Q

Describe the initial response section of a rehabilitation programme

A

Considered to be from the time of injury to the point of almost pain free full ROM

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6
Q

Describe the intermediate section of a rehabilitation programme

A

Resumption of daily activities and some sporting activity mainly skill related. Some fitness work that doesn’t stress the effected area

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7
Q

Describe the advanced section of a rehabilitation programme

A

Resumption of functional activities related to sport

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8
Q

Describe the return to sport section of a rehabilitation programme

A

Return to sport including full participation in training and competition

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9
Q

What level of sport is present in the initial phase

A

Nil

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10
Q

What level of sport is present in the Intermediate phase

A

Isolated skills

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11
Q

What level of sport is present in the advanced phase

A

Commence sport specific agility work, skills, game drills

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12
Q

What level of sport is present in the return to sport phase

A

Full

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13
Q

What are the three phases of a soft tissue injury management and their time period

A
  1. Acute inflammatory phase (0-72hrs)
  2. Repair phase (3 days - 6 weeks)
  3. Remodelling phase (6 weeks - 12 months)
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14
Q

State 2 facts about the acute inflammatory phase

A
  1. Characterised by pain, swelling and bruising

2. Treatment is price, gentle message and anti-inflammatory drugs

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15
Q

State 2 facts about the repair phase

A
  1. Characterised by reduced pain or swelling but areas may still be bruised
  2. Treatment is stretching, massage, heat, cold, contrast therapies, pain, relief
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16
Q

State 2 facts about the remodelling phase

A
  1. Characterised by formation of scar tissue and return to previous level of joint/limb function
  2. Treatment is stretching, massage, heat, cold, contrast therapies, anti-inflammatory drugs and physiotherapy
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17
Q

Define exercise induced muscle damage / delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS)

A

Pain experienced after intense exercise due to microscopic tears in muscle fibres that cause swelling + pain and peaks 24-72 hours post exercise

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18
Q

Define eccentric exercise

A

Exercise involving eccentric contractions of muscle where it lengthens under tension

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19
Q

Name 2 symptoms of DOMS

A
  1. Soreness

2. Stiffness

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20
Q

State 2 treatments for DOMS

A
  1. Usually disappears between 5-7 days

2. Relatively small inflammation doesn’t require anti-inflammatory drugs

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21
Q

State 2 factors that help reduce DOMS

A
  1. Cool-down
  2. Massage
  3. Active non weight bearing exercise
  4. Hydrotherapy
  5. Contract therapy
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22
Q

Name the 6 treatments for rehabilitation of injury (S, M, HCCT, AID, P, S)

A
  1. Stretching
  2. Massage
  3. Heat, cold, contrast therapies
  4. Anti inflammatory drugs
  5. Physiotherapy
  6. Surgery
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23
Q

State 2 benefits as a result of stretching

A
  1. Increased flexibility
  2. Increases muscle relaxation
  3. Decreases muscle soreness
  4. Improves circulation
24
Q

What are the 3 types of stretching

A
  1. Dynamic
  2. Static
  3. Proprioceptive neuromuscular stretching (PNF)
25
Q

When should you not stretch during a rehabilitation programme

A

During the acute inflammatory phase

26
Q

Define static stretching

A

Taking a joint past the point of resistance and holding the position for 30 seconds

27
Q

Define dynamic stretching

A

Use a controlled movement, bounce or swing to take a joint to the limit of its ROM

28
Q

Define proprioceptive neuromuscular stretching (PNF)

A

Taking joint just past point of resistance + performing an isometric contraction for 30 seconds, relax and repeat 3 times

29
Q

Define analgesia

A

Analgesia is relief from pain

30
Q

Define cryotherapy

A

Cryotherapy is the use of extreme cold temperatures in order to treat a range of soft tissue injuries

31
Q

Define game ready systems

A

Game ready systems circulate cold water around an injured joint while applying intermittent compression

32
Q

How does heat treatment work (3 things)

A
  1. Reliefs pain
  2. Causes vasodilation to injured area
  3. Increases blood flow to the injured site
33
Q

Define 2 risks with using heat treatment

A
  1. Increased bleeding or swelling if applied in the first 24 hours of an acute injury
  2. Burns
34
Q

How does cold treatment work (3 parts)

A
  1. Provides analgesia
  2. Vasoconstriction of vessels to injured site
  3. Decreases blood flow so reduces swelling
35
Q

Define 2 risks with using cold treatment

A
  1. Ice burns

2. Superficial nerve damage

36
Q

How does contrast therapy work (3 parts)

A
  1. Reduces swelling by alternating between hot and cold conditions
  2. Provides pain relief
  3. Increases blood flow to injured site
37
Q

Name 2 risks with using contrast therapy

A
  1. Increases bleeding and swelling if used in first 24 hours after injury
  2. Burns
38
Q

Define what NSAID’s are

A

NSAID’s are medication widely used in treatment of sports injuries that have analgesia, anti inflammatory and antibiotic properties

39
Q

Define antipyretic

A

Antipyretic is used to prevent or reduce fever

40
Q

How do NSAID’s work (anti inflammatory drugs)

A

They prevent the chemicals released that cause swelling from reacting to cause swelling

41
Q

Define a risk with using anti inflammatory drugs

A

Can be deteremental to healing process as cam inhibit the natural healing process

42
Q

Name 2 short term side effects of anti inflammatory drugs

A
  1. Rashes
  2. Headache
  3. Nausea
43
Q

Name a long term side effects of using anti inflammatory drugs

A

Increased risk of cardiovascular complications

44
Q

Define physiotherapy

A

Use of manual therapy, education and advise to help people affected by illness, injury or disability

45
Q

Define price

A

Price is the recommended response for managing acute soft tissue injuries after the first 24-72 hours post injury

46
Q

Define manual therapy

A

Manual therapy is a broad group of treatments including massage where the physiotherapist applies force directly to the joint or muscle to restore pain free ROM

47
Q

Define acupuncture

A

An acupuncture is where fine needles are inserted into specific points through the body

48
Q

Define TENS

A

TENS Is a small electrical devise used at the site of injury that delivers an electrical current

49
Q

Define untra-sound

A

An ultra-sound is where sound waves are sent deep into the tissue injured in order to stimulate blood flow

50
Q

Define arthroscopic surgery (an arthroscopy)

A

Arthroscopic surgery is a type of key hold surgery used both to diagnose and treat injury

51
Q

What is an arthroscope

A

An arthroscope is a thin metal tube with a light and camera attached that sends images to a screen

52
Q

Define open surgery

A

Open surgery is where there is a long incision of the skin for the surgeon to see the structures beneath + treat injury by using medical instrements

53
Q

Name 3 ways surgery helps injury

A
  1. Remove damaged tissue
  2. Reconstruct damaged tissue
  3. Realign damaged tissue
54
Q

What is open surgery used to treat

A

Fractures and joint injuries

55
Q

What is arthroscopic surgery used to treat

A

Joint injuries

56
Q

Name 3 benefits of arthroscopic surgery

A
  1. Less pain after surgery
  2. Faster healing time
  3. Less risk of infection
  4. Athlete can return home same day as surgery
  5. Athlete may be able to move through the 4 stages of rehabilitation more quickly

A-Level PE Anatomy And Physiology (35 decks)

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