Effect Of Different Exercise Intensities And Recovery On Gaseous Exchange

Question 1

What happens as the levels of O2 increase and CO2 levels decrease towards their pre-exercise values

Answer 1

The concentration gradient becomes less steep which causes gaseous exchange to slow down again

Question 2

What does deoxygenated blood returning to the lungs have (2 things)

Answer 2

1. A lower PP of O2 than at rest

2. A higher PP of CO2 than at rest

Question 3

What is there between the alveoli and the blood

Answer 3

A steeper concentration gradient than at rest

Question 4

What does the steeper concentration gradient at the lungs cause during exercise

Answer 4

A faster ad more efficient gaseous exchange

Question 5

What happens at the lungs during inspiration and expiration at the lungs (2 things)

Answer 5

1. More O2 moves from alveoli and associates with the haemoglobin in the blood
2. More CO2 diffuses from blood to alveoli to be expired

Question 6

Define association

Answer 6

Association is where O2 combines with haemoglobin at the lungs to form oxohaemoglobin

Question 7

Define saturation

Answer 7

Saturation is the percentage of O2 combined with haemoglobin and depends on the PP02

Question 8

Define dissociation

Answer 8

Dissociation is the O2 is released from haemoglobin to diffuse into the muscles

Question 9

Define what the oxohaemoglobin dissociation curve is

Answer 9

The oxohaemoglobin dissociation curve shows the relationship between PPO2 and the percentage of saturated haemoglobin

Question 10

How saturated in haemoglobin with O2 at the lungs

Answer 10

100%

Question 11

At rest, how much O2 dissociates from the haemoglobin and diffuses into the muscles

Answer 11

25%

Question 12

What are the four reasons why the oxohaemoglobin dissociation curve shifts right during exercise

Answer 12

1. Oxygen
2. Carbon dioxide
3. Body temperature
4. Acidity

Question 13

How does oxygen effect the curve (3 parts)

Answer 13

1. Muscles use more O2 during exerciser so decreased PPO2 inside muscles
2. Steeper concentration gradient between blood and muscles
3. Causes more O2 to dissociate from haemoglobin

Question 14

How does carbon dioxide effect the curve during exercise

3 parts

Answer 14

1. Muscles produce more CO2 during exerciser so increased PPCO2 inside muscles
2. Steeper concentration gradient between the muscles and the blood
3. Causes more CO2 to diffuse into the blood from the muscles

Question 15

How does body temperature effect the curve

Answer 15

An increase in body temperature causes O2 to dissociate from the haemoglobin more easily

Question 16

How does acidity effect the curve

Answer 16

1. Carbonic acid and lactic acid increase acidity which causes O2 to dissociate from the muscles more easily

Question 17

What is it called when an increase in acidity shifts the curve to the right

Answer 17

The Bohr shift

Question 18

During exercise, how much O2 dissociates from the blood to the muscles

Answer 18

60%