Reflux & Dysmotility Flashcards
What are the 3 pathological changes in reflux?
- Incompetent Lower oesophageal sphincter
- Poor oesophageal clearance
- Poor barrier function
Common symptoms of Reflux?
- Acid reflux
- Heart burn
- Dysphagia
- Weight loss
- Hoarseness
- Coughing
Investigations for Reflux?
Endoscopy- gold standard
Ba swallow
Oesophageal manometry
Alarm symptoms of reflux?
1, Dysphagia
- Weight loss
- Anaemia
- Vomiting
Adenocarcinomas are on the rise, squamous are not. T/F?
True
What is the pathogenesis of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus?
- Oesophagitis
- Barrett’s
- Dysplasia
- Adenocarcinoma
Important lifestyle modifications of Gord?
- Stop smoking
- Lose weight
Antacids is not a preventive measure for GORD, but can be use for what?
Symptomatic relief
Two examples of H2 anatagonists?
- Cimetidine
- Ranitidine
Example of a proton pump inhibitor?
Omeprazole, Lansaprasol (30mg rough dosage)
What takes place in surgical resection of GORD?
Taking the fundus of the stomach, wrapping it around and making the sphincter tighter, preventing reflux
Effective in young patients
What is a hiatus hernia?
condition where part of the stomach pushes up into the lower chest through a weakness in the diaphragm.
What happens in gastroparesis?
Delayed gastric emptying, not due to any physical obstruction
Symptoms of gastroparesis?
- Feeling full
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Weight loss
- Upper abdominal pain
What are the causes of Gastroperisis?
- Idiopathic
- Diabetes
- Cannabis
- Meds- opiates anticholinergics
