GI Anatomy 1 Flashcards
The GI tract is a continuos tube running from the _ to the _
Oral cavity to Anus
What is the lining of the GI tract covered by?
Mucosa
What content of the GI tract are found in the Pelvis? (2)
- Rectum - Anal canal
Roles of pharynx? (3)
- Defence against infections 2. Swallowing 3. Airway protection
What are the contents of the Upper GI? (5)
- Oral cavity 2. Pharynx (oro + laryngo) 3. Oesophagus 4. Stomach 5. Small intestine
What are the contents of the Lower GI? (6)
- Caecum 2. Appendix 3. Colon All of above = Large intestine 4. Rectum 5. Anal canal 6. Anus
Which point of the jaw controls Jaw opening/closing?
TMJ- Temperomandibular joint
Which muscles control the TMJ?
Muscles of mastication. 4 at each TMJ
The muscles of mastication are supplied by which division of the Trigeminal nerve?
Mandibular Division- CN V 3
Which of the 3 muscles of mastication cause the jaw to close
- Temporalis 2. Masseter 3. Medial Pterygoid
What muscle prevents dribbling when chewing or swallowing?
Orbicularis Oris
Which layer lines the oral cavity? What type of epithelial cells are found there?
Mucosa Stratified squamous epithelium
Which structures in the oral cavity have keratin present in them?
- Gingivae 2. Hard palate
What sensations can the oral cavity feel?
- General- pain, touch, temp, 2. Specialised- taste
What is the division of the Facial nerve supplying the Tongue known as? What is its function?
Chorda tympani- connects with the linguinal nerve branch of CN V3.
Parasympathetic- Taste to anterior 2/3rds of tongue
The Facial nerve also supplies which of the salivary glands?
What is the other salivary gland innervated by?
Submandibular and Sublingual
Parotid- Glossopharyngeal.
The oral cavity can be divided into the superior and inferior halves. Describe the innervation to each part
Superior - CN V 2
Inferior- CN V 3
What nerves stimulate the gag refex? (Sensory and Motor part)
Sensory - IX
Motor- IX AND X
What kind of muscle is found in the tongue? What type of layer is it covered in?
Intrinsic and Extrinsic- Skeletal
Intrinsic- Modifies shape of tongue
Extrinsic- helps move the tongue
The presence of 4 different types of _ gives the tongue a _ appearance.(texture)
Papilla, Rough Papilla- give surface texture which aids food movement
What are the 3 types of papillae associated with taste buds?
- Foliate 2. Vallate 3. Fungiform
Filliform- associated with touch temperature etc
What is the other (4th) type of papillae associated with touch, temperature?
Filiform papillae
The tongue consists of extrinsic and intrinsic muscles. What are their functions?
- Extrinsic- Moves tongue around 2. Intrinsic- Changes shape of tongue. 4 pairs of each type= 8 pairs of muscle total
What is the role of the buccinator?
Manipulates food to position it between the biting surface of the teeth.
