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MRPSYCH PART A > recalls mcq > Flashcards

recalls mcq Flashcards

1
Q

psilocybin MOA

A

5Ht2a agonist

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2
Q

atomoxetine MO

A

highly selective Noradrenaline re-uptuake inhibitor binds presynaptic membrane

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3
Q

Buprion MOA

A

Noradrenaline-Dopamine re-uptake inhibitor and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist

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4
Q

Eriksons stages Virtures

A

Hope Will purposely come to find love care and wisdom

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5
Q

Erkison stages basic conflicts

A

trust will automatically initiate industry to identify intimacy, generativity and integritiy

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6
Q

which disease loss of striatum?

A

huntingtons

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7
Q

drug with low bioavailability because of wide distribution

drug with low bioavailability because of poor absorption?

A

chlorpromazine

lurasidone

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8
Q

seretonin is a precursor for which monoamine?

A

melatonin

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9
Q

new treatment for alzheimers target

A

to stimulate alpha secretase enzyme to cut up B amyloid

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10
Q

low risk manic switch?
highest risk?

A

least buprion, most TCA

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11
Q

area for prosopagnosia?
blood supply?

A

fusiform gyrus
PCA- occipito-temporal junction

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12
Q

default mode network

A

Medial Prefrontal Cortex
Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC) + Precuneus:
Inferior Parietal Lobule
lateral temporal cortex
Hippocampus

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13
Q

chromosomal abnormality FTD

A
  • 17q21
    + progranulin 17,
    MAPT tau, 17,
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14
Q

Melanie Klein’s object relations theory

A

Paranoid-schizoid position = birth -6 months split good/bad

depressive position -central to Childs development from 6 months - views things as whole

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15
Q

Transcranial Magnetic stimulation for
- severe depression

A
  • DLPFC
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16
Q

Brain organoids

A

Are 3D, in vitro, self-organising brain tissue structures derived
–> 2ND TRIMESTER

from human pluripotent stem cells
- mimic the second-trimester human fetal brain

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17
Q

what stage K complexes?

A

NREM stage 2

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18
Q

empathy in brain

A

INSULA
- insulate people with a hug = feel empathy

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19
Q

dentate gyrus is part of?

A

hippocampus

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20
Q

lurasidone MOA

A

D2, 5HT2a, 5HT7
absorption affected by food intake - increases absorption
no affect QTC

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21
Q

CASPR

A
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21
Q

antidepressant no sexual SE

least

Delayed ejacluation

priapism

Tx? prem ejac

A

no sex SE- agomelatine, bupropion, moclobemide

least- reboxitine, mirtazapine,vortioxetine

delayed ejac- citalopram and fluoxetine
priapism- trazadone

Tx- prem ejac dapzetine SSRI

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22
Q

autoimmune encphalitis

  • low NA?
  • personality change + pain + myoclonic jerk?
A

low Na - LG11

personality change + pain
caspr2
caspar is an automatic abnormal jerk- ghost causes pain

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22
Q

NMDA most affinity which receptor?

A

Glutamate + glycine

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23
encephalitis flu like-- > chewing
NDMA
24
which gene codes for alpha synculein
SNCA chromosome 4
25
component BBB
APP + p glycoprotein
26
reactive attachment disorder.
Minimal seeking of comfort
27
tine antipsychotic takes to reach peak plasma conc quetiapine aripiprazole
quetiapine - 1-2 hours (QUICK) aripiprazole 3-5 hrs
28
complex PTSD vs PTSD
complex = poor interpersonal relationships + problems in affect regulation
29
metabolic syndrome present in CATIE trial
41-50%
30
altruisim and pain
altruism causes reduced physical perception of pain
31
increased maternal sensitivity during attachment behaviour is due to increased connection between
increased functional connectivity of hippocampus and amuygdala
32
In vivo measurement of neurotransmitters by which technique
MRS magnetic resonance spectroscopy
33
MRS uses H1
H1 GABA and Glutamate and Phosphorous 31
34
18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is used in which technique
PET
35
Rate limiting step in Alcohol metabolism disulifram acts on?
Alcohol dehydrogenase disulifram acts on- aldehyde dehydrogenase
36
Recombination fraction value the means that two genes will be independently assorted:
0.5
37
effect of caffeine can be revered by?
adenosine receptor agonist
38
Intellectual disability how many SD below mean?
2
39
GABA is projected onto which cell type in the striatum:
Medium spiny neurones
40
Enzyme deficient in acute porphyria
HMBS - hydroxymethlbilane synthase - Aut Dominant disorder
41
what increases by 30% if taken with lithium?
amisulpride (+ other renally excereted drugs)
42
which condition listed twice in ICD 11?
dissociative disorder Catatonia
43
Which antipsychotics don't cross BBB how do they cross?
sulpride and amisulpride cross via transport proteins
44
gait seen in Normal pressure hydrocephalus
magnetic
45
short term memory iconic menory
stm 30 seconds iconic 0.5 seconds
46
clozapine in pregnancy
dose needs increasing
47
big 5 model of personality ?
OCEAN openness to experience conscientiousness extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism
48
Cells least likely to be affected by HIV in the brain?
neurons
49
ion implicated in schizophrenia? channel involved?
Calcium Channel involved? - Potassium
50
D
51
DAT SCAN - dopamine active transported
uses SPECT scan looks at function of dopamine transporters- helps distinguish parkinsons from other disorders
52
Rogerian psychotherapy
Motivational interviewing
53
– Paramimia
cant express mood via expressions eg happy but look flat mimia = gestures
54
trinucleotide repeat fragile X huntingtons freidrichs myotonic dystrophy
fragile X- CGG huntingtons CAG friedticks ataxia - GAA myotonic dystrophy - CTG
55
raised D2 occupancy raised D2 sensitivity
raised D2 occupancy - parkinsons raised D2 sensitivity - tardive dyskinesia
56
maslows hierachy
D needs - deficiency needs bottom 4 B needs = being needs. - top 1
57
Heritability:
Genetic contribution to phenotypic variation in a POPULATION
58
Area under curve
(plasma concentration) Exposure to drug overtime.
59
Most important pathophysiology for Alzheimer’s:
Beta amyloid (extracellular) and tau (intracellular)
60
Most reliable indicator with myocarditis due to clozapine:
Eosinophilia (most specific)
61
Cue Exposure Therapy
individuals are exposed to relevant drug cues to extinguish conditioned responses.
62
likert semantic differential
likert -agree -- disagree semantic differential strong----weak love ----hate
63
fetal malformation in Na valproate
congenital malformation 8-12% developmental delay - 31-40%
64
which enzyme metabolises clozapine?
CYP1A2 - smoking
65
MOA methadone buprenorphine naloxone naltrexone
methadone - full Mu agonist buprenorphine- partial Mu agonist naloxone - Mu antagonist short acting naltrexone- mu antagonist longer acting
66
Ideational and Ideomotor both located
are dominate partial lobe lesions.
67
Drug with relative D2/D3 receptor activity drug with pure D2?
Amisulpride pure d2 - sulpride
68
The dorsal attention network (frontoparietal or central executive network):
1. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. 2. Intra-parietal sulcus (IPS) + lateral superior parietal lobule (together called posterior parietal cortex – PPC) 3. Middle frontal gyrus/premotor junction
69
The salience network:
1. Anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC) 2. Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) 3. Anterior insula 4. Frontal operculum 5. Some subcortical structures (thalamus and putamen).
70
most common site of methylation?
cytosine
71
second messenger of lithum
ITP - inositol channel
72
Alzheimer increase by APOE 4 in heterozygote Homozygote
heterozygote 3 times (Risk) Homozygote / 10-30 times
73
taupathy familial FTD picks
familial tau -ve, ubuquitin +ve Pick’sDisease: Tau+ve,Ubiquitin +ve most common FTD tau +ve, amyloid -ve, uhbiquitin +ve
74
what antiepileptic causes aggressive behaviour
LVT = Levetiracetam > Vigabatrin > Topiramate LETS VENT !
75
frontal lobe % brain? % prefrontal cortex
frontal love 41% % prefrontal cortex 15%
76
pregnancy changes
increase GFR + increase PH if no other option
77
wilsons chromosome
13
78
mechanism of action of ketamine;-
NMDA antagonist non competitive
79
Muscarinic receptor action are found
parasympathetic ganglia
82
object permamence in which stage?
piaget sensorimotor
83
sternbergs theory?
triarchic theory
84
Goldstein-Scheerer Test
assess abstract thinking abilities. The test involves sorting cards with different shapes and colours into groups based on various criteria
85
hippocampus supplied by?
posterior cerebral artery
86
papez circuit mneonic
Papez circuit mnemonic:- Play cricket 'MAtCh' Play cricket--- PAPEZ CIRCUIT M-mamillary body At-anterior thalamic nucleus C-cingulate gyrus H-hippocampus It connects limbic system to thalamus and hypothalamus
87
ECT effects main change in receptor?
reduced B receptors (same as antidepressants)
88
ionotropic = what shape
rosette shaped ION TROPHY = ROSETTE
89
rate limit step in synthesis dopamine
tyrosine hydroxylase
90
antidepressant with non linear kinetics above therapeutic doses?
>fluoxetine?!! (?or venlafaxine)
91
ADL test
barthel index Katz index
92
MRI changes from puberty to adult brain
Reduced grey matter, Increased white matter
93
Which benzo does not require dose adjustment with HIV treatment?
Lorazepam
94
Eysenck's personality theory,
PEN model three core dimensions: Extraversion/Introversion, Neuroticism/Stability, Psychoticism/Superego Control BIOLOGICAL BASIS
95
number CAG repeats for huntingtons?
over 35 36-39 late onset 60+ juvenile onset
96
CATIE study findings
Patients assigned to olanzapine had the longest successful treatment time EPSE similar 1 and 2 40.9% metabolic syndrome
97
Adjustment disorder ICD DSM
ICD - within 1 month of stressor DSM within 3 months both has to end by 6 months
98
manic vs hypomanic ?
manic 7 days hypomanic 4 days
99
blood flow increased in depression
anterior cingulate cortex
100
tx huntingtons movement disorder?
tetrabenzine + can also treat tardive dyskinesia and tourettes
101
what does carbamazepine increasE?
phenytoin
102
alcohol addiction - where in brain?
Ventral tegmental area -> nucleus accumbens
103
corticobasal degenration vs progressive supranuclear palsy
CBD - asymmetrical motor syx PSP- symmetrical motor syx + eye movemnts more prominent
104
IG response in NMDA encephalitis?
igG GGGGGG
105
CSF RESULTS IN AGGRESSION and impulsive behaviour?
LOW 5-HIAA (nobody gives them a high 5 = so they feel bad + aggressive = low 5_
106
parkinsons D2 receptor issue
Increased D2 receptor activity in basal ganglia

MRPSYCH PART A (24 decks)

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