readings PSYC121 Flashcards
Personality
long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways. Our personality is what makes us unique individuals.
Hippocrates four fluids
choleric (yellow bile from the liver), melancholic (black bile from the kidneys), sanguine (red blood from the heart), and phlegmatic (white phlegm from the lungs)
Max Harris four types of defensiveness
denial that racism exists, diversion to a perceived flaw in Māori society, detriment-centring, where we focus only on deficits, and the demand to move on
Manaakitanga
reciprocity and demonstrating mutual respect
mohiotanga
understanding
Matauranga
knowledge, education, wisdom, and skills, M ̄atauranga is a tool for M ̄aori to organize our world, including our place in it.
Maramatanga
insight
Hua Oranga
measure of outcome designed for users of mental health services, includes ratings from clinician, client and a family member
Schizophrenia
an umbrella term for a number of psychotic disorders that involve disturbances in nearly every dimension of human psychology- paranoid schizophrenia applies in 50 to 75 percent of cases.- higher among economically impoverished groups
time frame for Schizophrenia
often late teens and early twenties
stats for Schizophrenia
About 30 percent of Australians with schizophrenia will suicide attempt and 5 percent will die by suicide The life expectancy of people with schizophrenia is reduced by an average of 10 years. Although estimates vary, only 10 to 20 percent of individuals with schizophrenia ever fully recover, less than half show even moderate improvement after falling ill, and of those who do improve, almost half fall ill again within a year of leaving the hospital
positive symptoms
delusions, hallucinations and loose associations. They are called positive symptoms because they reflect the presence of something not usually or previously there, such as delusions.
negative symptoms
they signal something missing, such as normal emotions, relatively chronic symptoms such as flat affect (blunted emotional response), lack of motivation, socially inappropriate behaviour and withdrawal from relationships, and intellectual impairments such as impoverished thought (lack of complex thought in response to environmental events).
diathesis– stress model
hypothesising that people with an underlying biological vulnerability develop the disorder or fall into an episode under stress
dopamine hypothesis
positive symptoms of schizophrenia reflect too much dopamine activity in subcortical circuits involving the basal ganglia and limbic system, whereas negative symptoms reflect too little dopamine activity in the prefrontal cortex.
