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CHEM IGCSE > reactivity series > Flashcards

reactivity series Flashcards

1
Q

the order of reactivity of metals can be determined by

A

their reactions with water and acid

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2
Q

most reactive metals react with water and form

A

metal hydroxide and hydrogen

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3
Q

metals just below calcium,

A

react very slowly with water

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4
Q

what metals don’t react at all with water (3)

A

copper, silver and gold

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5
Q

balanced symbol equation for potassium reacting with water

A

2K (s) + 2H₂O (l) —— 2KOH (aq) + H₂ (g)

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6
Q

balanced symbol equation for sodium reacting with water

A

2Na (s) + 2H₂0 (L) -> 2NaOH (ag) + H₂ (g)

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7
Q

balanced symbol equation for lithium when reacting with water

A

2Li(s) + 2H₂0 (L) ->2LiOH (aq) + H₂ (g)

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8
Q

balanced symbol equation for calcium when reacting with water

A

Ca (s) + 2H₂0 (L) -> Ca(OH)₂ (aq) + H₂ (g)

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9
Q

order of the reactivity of metals (11)

A

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron
Copper
Silver
Gold

people say little children make a zebra, i constantly sniff giraffes

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10
Q

reactions becomes ____ vigorous as you go down the reactivity series

A

less

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11
Q

only metals above ___ will react with acid

A

iron ( including iron)

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12
Q

metals react with an acid to form

A

a salt and hydrogen

MASH = metal + acid —> salt. + hydrogen

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13
Q

symbol of sulfuric acid

A

H₂SO₄

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14
Q

Symbol of hydrochloric acid

A

HCl

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15
Q

equation of reaction of magnesium and sulfuric acid

A

Mg (s) + H₂SO₄ (aq) → MgSO4 (aq) + H₂ (g)

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16
Q

equation of reaction of zinc and sulfuric acid

A

Zn (s) + H₂SO₄ (aq) → ZnSO4 (aq) + H₂ (g)

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17
Q

equation of reaction of iron and sulfuric acid

A

Fe (s) + H₂SO₄ (aq) → FeSO4 (aq) + H₂ (g)

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18
Q

equation of reaction of magnesium and hydrochloric acid

A

Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl₂ (aq) + H₂ (g)

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19
Q

equation of reaction of zinc and hydrochloric acid

A

Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq) → ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂ (g)

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20
Q

equation of reaction of iron and hydrochloric acid

A

Fe (s) + 2HCl (aq) → FeCl₂ (aq) + H₂ (g)

21
Q

what actually/physically happens when a metal reacts with an acid

A

the metal will disappear, and there will be effervescence as bubbles of hydrogen gas are produced

22
Q

in the physical reaction, the more reactive the metal (acid reaction), then the

A

quicker the metal will disappear and the more vigorous the effervescence

23
Q

a displacement reaction is when

A

a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound

24
Q

in a displacement reaction, what is the reducing agent

A

the element that displaces

25
Q

in a displacement reaction, what is the reduced

A

the element that gets displaced

26
Q

can a displacement reaction happen in a solution

A

yes

27
Q

in a displacement reaction, if a reactant is a solid then it will

A

disappear

28
Q

if a product is a solid in a displacement reaction, it will

A

form

29
Q

if a product and reactant are aqueous in a displacement reaction, what do you observe

A

if there is a colour change

30
Q

displacement reactions happen between (2)

A

a more reactive metal and the oxide of a less reactive metal

OR

a more reactive metal and a solution of a salt of a less reactive metal

31
Q

corrosion on the surface of metals happens when

A

they are exposed to the environment for long periods of time

32
Q

rusting is a specific type of corrosion which happens when

A

Iron reacts with water and oxygen

33
Q

what does the rusting of iron form ( equation)

A

Iron + water+ oxygen —> hydrated iron (III) oxide

34
Q

what is the prdouct of rusting or iron

A

rust, or hydrated iron (III) oxide

35
Q

are both water and oxygen needed for iron to rust

A

yes

36
Q

coating the surface of iron with a barrier does what

A

prevents water and oxygen from coming into contact with the iron so that rusting doesn’t happen

37
Q

what are the most common barriers ( 3) for iron

A
  • painting
  • greasing or oiling
  • coating with plastic
38
Q

barrier only works if

A

the iron is completely covered

39
Q

oxidation is

A

the loss of electrons ( OIL RIG)

40
Q

Reduction is

A

the gain of electrons ( OIL RIG)

41
Q

WHAT IS SACRIFICIAL PROTECTION

A

when ( usually zinc) a more reactive metal is attached to a less reactive metal (iron) and so the more reactive metal will be oxidised instead of iron

42
Q

what is galvanising

A

when a layer of zinc is put around the iron in order to protect it from rusting

43
Q

if the zinc coating in galvanising is scratched then what happens

A

there will be sacrificial protection, so the zinc is the one That will lose electrons and so react and become oxidised instead of the iron

44
Q

3 main methods of protection for iron against rusting

A
  • Barrier
  • sacrificial protection
  • galvanising
45
Q

rusting is a oxidation or reduction reaction

A

oxidation

46
Q

an oxidising agent is

A

a substance that oxidises another substance and becomes reduced in the process

47
Q

what is a reducing agent

A

a substance that causes another substance to be reduced

48
Q

PRACTICAL - Investigate Metals reacting with acids

A
  • wear safety goggles
  • add some dilute hydrochloric acid to a small measuring cylinder to 3 test tubes
  • to first tube add magnesium ribbon and note down what you see
  • then use a lighted splint to see if any gasses were given off
  • add iron filings to second test tube and do the same
  • add zinc turnings to third and do same
  • repeat the experiment with sulfuric acid

CHEM IGCSE (31 decks)

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