Alcohols

Question 1

what is the chemical name for alcohol in alcoholic drinks

Answer 1

ethanol

Question 2

alcohols are a …

Answer 2

family of organic compounds

Question 3

alcohols are a family of organic compounds that contain what atoms ? (3)

Answer 3

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 4

defining feature of alcohols

Answer 4

OH functional group

Question 5

general formula of alcohols

Answer 5

CnH2n+1OH

Question 6

what alcohols display isomerism

Answer 6

ones with 3 or more carbon atoms

Question 7

what are alcohols made from

Answer 7

Sugar (ethanol)

Question 8

are alcohols a homologous series

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

naming isomerism in alcohols ? (propanol with the OH in the first carbon)

Answer 9

propan-1-ol

Question 10

how many methods of ethanol production

Answer 10

2

Question 11

first method name

Answer 11

fermentation

Question 12

how does fermentation work

Answer 12

you add yeast to sugar, which produces ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 13

products of fermentation

Answer 13

ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 14

word equation of fermentation

Answer 14

glucose →(yeast~30ºC) ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 15

which method is described as the renewable one

Answer 15

fermentation

Question 16

why is fermentation described as the renewable way

Answer 16

because sugar is produced from sugarcane which can be replanted

Question 17

2nd method for producing ethanol name

Answer 17

chemical manufacturing of ethanol

Question 18

how does the chemical method work

Answer 18

• ethene is passed over a phosphoric acid catalyst at 300ºC and at 60-70atm

Question 19

for the chemical method, what temperature is ethene passed at

Answer 19

300ºC

Question 20

what type of catalyst is added

Answer 20

phosphoric acid catalyst

Question 21

how many atm in the chemical method

Answer 21

60-70

Question 22

word equation for chemical method

Answer 22

ethene + steam –( phosphoric acid catalyst)—> ethanol

Question 23

why is the chemical way often called the ‘fossil fuel’ way

Answer 23

because ethene is produced by cracking oil

Question 24

fermentation needs heating up to what temperature

Answer 24

37ºC

Question 25

why does ethene route require more energy

Answer 25

because the crude oil needs high temperatures

Question 26

what's wrong with the fermentation route (2)

Answer 26

it yields carbon dioxide, so is less efficient also slower

Question 27

amount of workers needed for raw material for ethene route

Answer 27

lots of workers needed

Question 28

amount of workers needed for raw material for

Answer 28

fermentation route

Question 29

type of process for ethene route

Answer 29

batch

Question 30

type of process for fermentation

Answer 30

continuos

Question 31

labour for ethene route

Answer 31

little workers needed

Question 32

labour for fermentation

Answer 32

lots of workers needed

Question 33

rate of reaction for ethene route

Answer 33

fast

Question 34

rate of reaction for fermentation

Answer 34

slow

Question 35

purity of product for ethene route

Answer 35

pure

Question 36

purity of product for fermentation

Answer 36

impure (needs for treatment)

Question 37

conditions needed for fermentation

Answer 37

warm and normal pressure

Question 38

conditions needed for

Answer 38

high temperature and pressure

Question 39

how can ethanol be oxidised (3)

Answer 39

- by burning it in air or oxygen (complete combustion) - reaction with oxygen in air to form ethanoic acid (microbial oxidation) - heating with potassium dichromate (VI) in dilute sulfuric acid to form ethanoic acid