Group 7 Flashcards
also known as
Halogens
group 7 elements need to be handled with care because they’re
TOXIC
these elements are metals or non metals
NON metals
All halogens have similar reactions as
they each have seven electrons in their outermost shell
do the halogens have similar reactions
yes
at room temp, fluorine is ___ and has what characteristics
Yellow gas and is very reactive and poisonous
at room temp, chlorine is ___
and has what characteristics
a pale yellow green gas
reactive, poisonous and dense gas
at room temp, bromine is ____
with what characteristics
a red brown liquid
dense, volatile
at room temp, iodine is a ___
with what characteristics
grey solid
shimmery, crystalline solid that sublimes to form a purple vapour
colour and state of bromine at room temp
Red-brown liquid
colour and state of iodine at room temp
grey solid
colour and state of chlorine at room temp
pale yellow / green gas
colour and state of fluorine at room temp
yellow gas
colour in solution of chlorine
pale green
colour in solution of bromine
orange
colour in solution of iodine
dark brown
characteristics of iodine
Shimmery, crystalline solid that sublimes to form a purple vapour
characteristics of bromine
dense red-brown volatile liquid
characteristics of chlorine
reactive, poisonous and dense gas
characteristics of fluorine
Very reactive, poisonous gas
as you go down the group, the colour becomes
DARKER
As you go down the group, density
INCREASES
As you go down the group, melting and boiling points
INCREASE
Physical properties of halogens change down the group (3)
- Darker in colour
- Melting and boiling points increase
- Density increases
reactivity ___ as you go down the group
decreases
why does reactivity decrease as you go down the group
the number of shells of electrons increases, meaning there are weaker electrostatic forces of attraction, making it harder to attract an electron to complete the outer shell
( because you want to gain an electron)
halogens are what molecules
Diatomic
all of the halogens have how many electrons on their outer shell
7
if halogens react with non metals, they form
simple molecular covalent structures
if halogens react with metals they form
ionic compounds ( metal halide salts)
a displacement reaction is when
a more reactive halogen takes the place of a less reactive halogen
what is a halide
an ion with a 1- charge
halogens have the chemical formula
X₂
explain why they get less reactive down the group
the number of shells of electrons increases, the same as with all other groups
This means that the increased distance from the outer shell to the nucleus as you go down a group makes the halogens become less reactive
